专业英语四级模拟试卷635(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语四级模拟试卷635 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. DICTATION 2. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 3. LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE 4. CLOZE 5. READING COMPREHENSION 6. WRITING

PART I DICTATIONDirections: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.

1．

正确答案： The Purpose of Science Contrary to popular opinion, / the purpose of science is neither to discover the ultimate “truth”, / nor to offer its findings as absolute and final. / Scientific theories are always subject to modification / if new evidence becomes available. / Science, as we have said, / attempts to accumulate data based on the available evidence. / We have not been everywhere in the universe, / thus, in keeping with the principle of objectivity, / science must deal with probability, not certainty, / and thus cannot present its findings as the absolute and final truth.

解析： 本文主要讨论了科学的目的。文中出现的难词主要有ultimate，modification，accumulate，principle。第一句中出现了固定搭配neither…nor…。第二句中的subject to为固定搭配，意为“使服从；使遭受”。第三句中，as we have said为插入语，前后都要加逗号。第四句较长，听写时注意句子间的逻辑关系。

PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION

SECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.

听力原文： Good Writing What is good writing? Different cultures using different languages may come up with very different answers to the question. However, as far as English is concerned, a set of basic characteristics, has been promoted by educators in English-speaking countries.(1)They are: unity, coherence, emphasis, development and clarity. While these good old values are still relevant, today’s discussion of good writing focuses on a different set of concepts. I’ll define good writing using different terms: good writing is good thinking: good writing involves thoughtful revision: good writing is directed toward an audience: good

writing achieves a clear purpose: good writing expresses ideas clearly. Firstly, good writing is good thinking. Good thinking leads to good writing, and muddy thinking can only result in muddy writing. As simple as that. Writing is a thinking process: it is not making a big deal out of nothing.(2)Good writing should be substantive, really having things to say. Not only having things to say, but also having insightful things to say about the topic. While good writing is expected to be free from grammatical and other errors, it is worth repeating here that(3)good writing is not good grammar or vice versa. At the advanced level, you should be much more concerned with higher and more important issues of writing in English. If you were excited at all by a piece of writing, most likely, it was for one or a combination of the following reasons: 1)because(4)it enlightens you or sheds light on the subject: 2)because you have felt something similar but in a rather vague and superficial way: 3)because(5)you have felt exactly the same, but have never been able to express yourself in such an effective and elegant manner. (6)Secondly, good writing involves thoughtful revision. For the overwhelming majority of writers, good writing is ninety-nine percent hard work and one percent inspiration. Experienced writers subject their writings to numerous revisions before feeling satisfied. Thirdly, good writing is directed toward an audience. Notice the use of the word “audience” here: it usually refers to viewers and listeners, but now its reference has expanded to include readers too, particularly in discussions of writing. You should remember that what is appropriate for one kind of audience may not be appropriate for another.(7)The intended audience determines your choice of words, your sentence length and patterns, the overall tone, the details that would be included in your writing, etc. Fourthly,(8)good writing achieves a clear purpose. Good writing must achieve your intended purpose. If you want to write about how to make Jiaozi, your reader, after reading your writing, should get everything he or she needs to know about how to make Jiaozi, from the necessary ingredients to step by step instructions. Last but not least, good writing expresses ideas clearly.(9)Good writing reflects good thinking, and good thinking needs to be put in precise, concise and lucid prose. An important task for revision is to trim all the deadwood, pruning all the redundancies, wordiness, and confusing and misleading ambiguities.(10)For non-native speakers, to express yourself clearly often involves making your writing more idiomatic, reducing the level of negative interference of your native language and to bring your writing closer to English-speaking readers. So far, we have discussed five characteristics of good writing. In later lectures, you will learn in greater detail about how to write to different audiences to achieve specific purposes in clear and effective styles.

Good Writing Educators in English-speaking countries have developed a set of basiccharacteristics of good English writing—unity,【T1】, emphasis,【T1】______development and clarity. Here, a different set of concepts are introduced: I. Good writing is good thinking.—It should be【T2】, having something insightful to say about the【T2】______topic.—It is not simply【T3】.【T3】______—It may1)enlighten you or【T4】the subject:【T4】______2)make you feel something similar:3)make you feel exactly【T5】.【T5】______II. Good writing involves thoughtful【T6】.【T6】______—It is the result of 99% of hard work and 1% of

inspiration. III. Good writing is directed toward an audience. —The audience determines1)diction and sentence structure2)the sentence length and patterns3)the overall【T7】【T7】______4)details that would be includedIV. Good writing achieves a clear【T8】.【T8】______V. Good writing expresses ideas clearly.—It reflects good thinking, which should be put into precise,【T9】and【T9】______lucid articles. —For non-native speakers of English, clear expression involvesbeing【T10】.【T10】______

2． 【T1】

正确答案：coherence

3． 【T2】

正确答案：substantive

4． 【T3】

正确答案：good grammar

5． 【T4】

正确答案：shed light on/elaborate

6． 【T5】

正确答案：the same

7． 【T6】

正确答案：revision

8． 【T7】

正确答案：tone

9． 【T8】

正确答案：purpose

10． 【T9】

正确答案：concise

11． 【T10】

正确答案：idiomatic

SECTION B CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear two conversations. At the end of each conversation , five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of [A], [B], [C] and [D], and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have thirty seconds to preview the questions.

听力原文：M: In this July issue, Money Magazine takes a look at people who are on the hunt for billionaires. But what are the traps when you hunt for a partner with money? Money Magazine’s Jean Chatzky is today’s financial editor. Jean, good morning to you.W: Good morning.M: It just has a kind of sleazy, superficial feel toward people looking for billionaires to marry.W: Well, it has the same feeling to me too. But this article is largely commenting on the fact that this is happening.(1 - 1)We have never written about anything like this before. And that’s because it’s never existed until now in a big way.M:(1-2)Because there are so many billionaires. You mean at this point.W: Right. There are 946 billionaires right now in the world.(1-3)For the first time, the whole Forbes 400 was billionaires in the United States. If you go one step down, there are about 85,000 people in this country with wealth of 30 million dollars or more, and(1-4)it’s easier to find them if this is something that you are out looking for, because there are dating services, dating websites that focus on helping people find other people with money. They have names like millionairematch. com.M: Are these women looking for men or are these men looking for women? Or is it a little bit of both?W: It’s definitely a little bit of both.(2-1)There are more billionaires who happen to be men of the 946. Only about 40 are women. So if you are set on a billionaire, you are going to have a tough time finding one who is a woman. However, I think(2-2)when we talk about this whole phenomenon of older women, younger men, we are actually talking about richer women, poorer men. We are just not saying it.M: So a man or a woman who wants to find themselves a billionaire,(3-1)besides the websites they can go to, what else is out there?W: Well. You have to figure out where the billionaires are to begin with. And that means looking in the different industries where they exist. They took a very scientific approach to this study and found their mates at work.(3 - 2)So if this is something that you are up for, and you may want to go out there, get yourself an MBA or get a job in finance or in the investment world which is where most billionaires these days happen to work.M: Okay. So besides getting the MBA, whatever it is, will get you closer to the person who is wealthy, what else can you do?W: Well.(3 - 3)You can look for common interests. I mean if you look at the things that billionaires or very wealthy people do, they tend to spend a lot of money on luxury items, so

focusing your interest on real estate or art galleries, or collecting, you might get involved in charities where they are likely to be. I think that It’s not easy to fake these things,(4)and the good news is that many billionaires these days seem to be marrying for smarts as well as for money. They are not looking for people who can’t carry on a conversation.M: Alright, Jean Chatzky, thanks so much. Nice to see you.W: Me too.1. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?2. Which of the following is INCORRECT about women billionaires?3. Which of the following is NOT a way through which one can find a billionaire?4. Who are billionaires most unlikely to marry?5. What is the interview mainly about?

12．

A．Billionaires are quite rare nowadays.

B．Forbes 400 includes billionaires all over the world. C．Billionaires are much more now than ever before. D．Millionaires are hard to find through dating services.

正确答案：C

13．

A．They tend to be older than their pursuers.

B．They tend to be much less than men billionaires. C．They tend to be harder to find than men billionaires. D．They tend to be nearly as many as men billionaires.

正确答案：D

14．

A．By searching the websites. B．By getting an MBA diploma. C．By finding a job in education. D．By looking for common interests.

正确答案：C

15．

A．Those women who are smart and wealthy. B．Those women who are smart but not wealthy. C．Those women who are wealthy but not beautiful. D．Those women who are beautiful but not smart.

正确答案：D

16．

A．The ways and traps in hunting for billionaires. B．Public attitude towards hunting for billionaires.

C．Billionaires’ requirements for partners. D．Current situations of billionaires in the US.

正确答案：A

听力原文：W: Donny Deutsch says the key to success was asking one simple question of himself—”Why not me?” Now the advertising expert offers up his winning formula in his first book, Often Wrong, Never in Doubt, Unleash the Business Rebel Within. Donny, good morning. Nice to see you.M: Good to see you.W: Why not me? How did you come up with that?M: Every time I’ve met a successful person in business or president of the United States, just somebody who’s made it to the very important position, I always notice that beyond the obvious toolbox of being bright and hard-working, they almost all take the naive sense of entitlement of: Why shouldn’t I be the president of the United State? Why shouldn’t I be the anchor of “Today’s Show”? It doesn’t mean that you’re guaranteed,(6-1)but if you don’t believe it, if you don’t feel entitled, it isn’t going to happen. W: You write about this a lot in the book.(6-2)It’s all about confidence. M:(7)I think a lot of people are smarter. But I’ve still yet to meet a genius one. Once people understand that all the people they read about are very talented, bright people, but you know, not as bright as you think sometimes. So once you realize that, it’s very empowering. Just like people think what we do for a living is incredibly difficult, yet if they sat in the chair, and did it for a while, they can also do that! W: By the way, you don’t treat women as sex objects because you also say women are superior in business. M: Well,(8)I think they’re superior in business, because I have found throughout my career that males were so much more concerned with whose office is bigger and which pals are winning, whereas women, almost added an exception, want to be paid fairly, get the job done. W: Have you met these people?M: Eight of my top ten partners in business are women. It’s a reasonable exception. W: In fact, you’re saying your current job is a talk show host, and you hate Larry King, who happens to be one of the nicer guys you choose to be. M: First at all, I love Larry King.(9-1)My point in the book is that, you have to personify, for example, who’s the best in what I do. W:(9-2)That’s envy, not hatred. M: OK, it’s a book. You know, it’s like this a little metaphor. You put someone to be your model, and if that is a competitive spirit, you added the competitive spirit with the other morning shows and, as I say Larry King to me is one of my heroes.(9-3)So wherever you are going in life, shoot somewhere and say “That’s what I want.” W: You say you’ve thought about the possibility of becoming mayor of New York City. Are you going to make that happen? M: Now I say that I would love to get into politics, but it doesn’t mean it’s going to happen but until I say: “Wait a second. Why not me?”(10)Until I said that, it actually cannot happen. It doesn’t mean it’s going to, but it can’t unless you say it. W: Well. Good to have you here today, Donny. M: Pleasure.6. What does Donny Deutsch emphasize as the key to success?7. What did Donny find through all the famous people he met?8. What are women more concerned about in Donny’s view compared with men?9. What do we know about a little hatred?10. Which of the following statements can best summarize the main idea

of Donny’s book?

17．

A．The importance of smartness. B．The importance of humbleness. C．The importance of diligence. D．The importance of confidence.

正确答案：D

18．

A．There is no one who is smarter than him.

B．There is no one who is as bright as people think. C．There is no one who is more talented than him. D．There is no one who is as powerful as people think.

正确答案：B

19．

A．The size of their offices. B．The high salary.

C．The result of their jobs done. D．The result of the competition.

正确答案：C

20．

A．It is a metaphor to show you need to be hateful. B．It is a metaphor to show you need to be hostile. C．It is a metaphor to show you need to be unfriendly. D．It is a metaphor to show you need to be purposeful.

正确答案：D

21．

A．As long as you think, you may succeed. B．As long as you work hard, you may succeed. C．Women are superior to men in jobs. D．Only genius can achieve success.

正确答案：A

PART III LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the

sentence.

22． In the sentence “He saw his face reflected in the water”, the italicized phrase is______.

A．the object B．an adverbial C．a complement D．the subject

正确答案：C

解析：译文：在句子“他看到他的脸倒映在水中”，斜体部分是______。句子成分题。该句中，he为主语，saw为谓语，his face为宾语，reflected in the water为补语，解释说明his face，故[C]为答案。

23． Which of the following italicized phrases indicates PURPOSE? A．He wanted all the running of the business for himself. B．I knew he worked for a security firm. C．I thanked him for his help.

D．The knife for cutting sausage was sitting in the sink.

正确答案：D

解析：译文：下列哪一项的斜体短语表达“目的”?句意理解题。[D]中的for cutting sausage表明the knife的“目的”，故为答案。[A]、[B]、[C]中for引导的短语均表示“对象”。

24． Which of the following italicized parts is a subject clause? A．I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.

B．He will have it that our plan is really practical. C．We take it that you will agree with us.

D．It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish.

正确答案：D

解析：译文：下列哪一项的斜体部分为主语从句?主语从句题。[D]中含有一个that引导的主语从句，而句首的it为形式主语，故为答案。[A]、[B]、[C]中均含有一个that引导的宾语从句，句中it均为形式宾语。

25． It is stability______destroys people’s ambition and barricades people’s steps.

A．which B．what C．that D．/

正确答案：C

解析：译文：正是安逸毁掉了人们的野心，阻断了人们的步伐。强调句型题。本题考查强调句型，陈述句的强调句型为“It is／was+被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+that／who(当强调主语且主语指人时)+其他部分”，故[C]为答案。

26． You have to water the vegetables every day,______? A．don’t you B．have you C．haven’t you D．do you

正确答案：A

解析：译文：你每天都要给菜浇水，不是吗?反意疑问句题。当反意疑问句的陈述部分谓语为have to时，反意疑问句通常用助动词do，句中应该用do的否定形式，故选[A]。

27． Which of the following italicized parts indicates CONTRAST? A．He is doing his homework while his dog is playing outside. B．They used to live in the same building when they were young.

C．While the party won the election, they had lost many votes from lower class. D．Work hard and you will benefit from it.

正确答案：C

解析：译文：下列斜体部分哪一个表示“对比”?句意理解题。通过分析我们可知，and一般表示的是并列的意思，故排除[D]；when和while都有表示时间的意思，但while还可能引导让步状语从句。根据句意分析，[C]中的前后两句有转折的意思，表示一种对比，因此答案为[C]。

28． Whether we help him or not, he will succeed. The italicized part functions as a(n)______in the sentence.

A．adverbial clause of condition B．adverbial clause of time

C．adverbial clause of concession D．adverbial clause of cause

正确答案：C

解析：译文：无论我们是否帮助他，他都会成功的。句中斜体部分在文中的作用是——。句子成分题。whether…or…引导让步状语从句，表示“不管……”的意思，因此本题选[C]。

29． The pair of words “lend” and “borrow” are______. A．antonyms B．hyponyms C．homonyms D．synonyms

正确答案：A 解析：译文：“lend”和“borrow”是一对——。功能词汇题。根据题意可知，本题旨在考查考生对lend和borrow两个词汇的理解。表面上看，两者都可以说是“借”，但lend表示“借出去”，而borrow则是“借过来”，两者的本质完全相反，属于一对反义词，因此答案为[A]。

30． Which of the following determiners(限定词)can be placed before both singular countable nouns and plural countable nouns?

A．A great deal of. B．A few. C．Little. D．Enough.

正确答案：D 解析：译文：下列限定词中哪一个可以用在单数可数名词与复数可数名词之前?限定词用法题。根据题意可知，本题主要考查考生对于限定词与名词单复数之间关系的理解程度。在上述四个选项中，[A]和[C]只能用来修饰不可数名词，[B]只能用来修饰可数名词，只有[D]是例外，它可以用在单数可数名词与复数可数名词之前，因此答案为[D]。

31． Which of the following sentences expresses UNWILLINGNESS? A．Hard as my work is, I will try to meet the deadline. B．I shall never do that again.

C．My sister will help figure it out. D．This is what I have left for you.

正确答案：B

解析：译文：下列句子中哪一个表示“不乐意”?句意理解题。根据题意可知，本题需要选的是一个蕴含”不乐意、不情愿”意思的句子。[A]为让步状语从句，表示“工作虽然艰苦，但还是要赶工。”没有不情愿的含义；[C]表明“姐姐会来帮助解决这个问题。”没有不情愿的含义；[D]属于陈述事实，没有不情愿的含义；只有[B]有抱怨和不乐意的意思，表明说话人不再愿意再干某事。因此答案为[B]。

32． Which of the following sentences does NOT express a fact? A．Mary and her son must be home by now.

B．Attenion should be paid to what you are doing now. C．It’s a sunny day, isn’t it? D．It’s time now, and I must go.

正确答案：A

解析：译文：下列句子中哪一个不是在阐述事实?句意理解题。根据题意可知，本题需要选的是一个没有表明客观事实的句子。[A]中的must be表示一种推

断，是具有某种可能性的意思，不是在阐述事实，因此答案为[A]。

33． Which of the following sentences can NOT delete the word “should”? A．I request that company should pay more to those who work hard. B．He insists that money should be saved in banks.

C．I should have told you earlier so that you can make full preparation. D．She demands that her husband should take care of their baby today.

正确答案：C

解析：译文：下列句子中哪一个不能省略掉“should”?虚拟语气题。根据题意，通过分析可知，本题旨在考查考生对should用法的掌握情况。在本题中，[A]、[B]和[D]均为虚拟语气，先行词分别为request，insists和demands，从句中的should可省略。只有[C]中的should不能省略，should have表示应该做某事而没有做，因此答案为[C]。

34． Which of the following sentences does NOT include an appositive(clause)? A．We ourselves wanted to see such a result.

B．All people, old and young, strong and weak, have rooted their hope in American dream.

C．The fact that religion has played a very important part in the development of science is often forgotten.

D．We are going to hold a meeting in Nanjing tomorrow night.

正确答案：D

解析：译文：下列句子中哪一个不含有同位语(从句)?句子成分题。根据题意可知，本题需要选的是一个不包含同位语的句子。[A]中的ourselves是we的同位语；[B]中的old and young和strong and weak是all people的同位语；[C]则含有一个由that引导的同位语从句，解释说明前面的the fact；只有[D]不含有同位语，因此答案为[D]。

35． ______she started complaining. A．Hardly had he arrived when B．He hardly had arrived when C．He hardly arrived that D．Hardly had he arrived that

正确答案：A

解析：译文：他一到，她就开始抱怨。倒装结构题。Hardly…when…的结构为Hardly had sb．done sth．when…，故[A]为答案。

36． The size of the newly broadened square is four times______of the previous one.

A．as B．what

C．that D．/

正确答案：C 解析：译文：这个新扩建的广场有以前的四倍大。倍数表达题。表达倍数时，有一种结构为“the+计量名词+of+A+be+倍数+that+of+B”，可知此处应填入that，故[C]为答案。

37． Chinese people are usually described as hospitable, generous and amiable. The underlined part means______.

A．humble B．modest C．admirable

D．pleasant and friendly

正确答案：D

解析：译文：人们经常用热情好客、慷慨大方和amiable来形容中国人。画线部分的意思是——。形容词辨析题。humble意为“谦逊的”；modest意为“谦虚的”；admirable意为“令人钦佩的”；pleasant and friendly意为“友善的”。根据语境，amiable意为“和蔼可亲的”，因此[D]正确。

38． The defendant is now at the mercy of judges for his misbehavior. The underlined part means______.

A．at hand

B．under the control of C．in name of

D．beyond the mercy of

正确答案：B

解析：译文：现在，被告因为他的错误行为at the mercy of法官。画线部分的意思是——。短语理解题。 at hand意为“即将到来”；under the control of意为“在……的掌控下”；in name of意为“以……的名义”；没有beyond the mercy of的表述。根据语境，at the mercy of意为“任……摆布”，因此[B]正确。

39． What politicians cherish most is the benefits of their parties. The underlined part means______.

A．miss

B．remember C．favor D．learn

正确答案：C

解析：译文：政客们最为cherish的莫过于其政党的利益。画线部分的意思是——。动词辨析题。 miss意为“想念”；remember意为“记住”；favor意为

“喜爱，珍爱”；learn意为“学习”。根据语境，cherish意为“珍视”，因此[C]正确。

40． The process of the development of modernization can be measured by the level of people’s living. The underlined part means______.

A．estimated B．thought C．considered D．described

正确答案：A

解析：译文：现代化发展的过程可以通过人民的生活水平来measured。画线部分的意思是——。动词辨析题。 estimated意为“估计”；thought意为“想”；considered意为“考虑到”；described意为“描述”。根据语境，measured意为“衡量”，因此[A]正确。

41． Scientists have known how to harness the limitless power of the sun. The underlined part means______.

A．accomplish B．utilize C．balance D．circulate

正确答案：B

解析：译文：科学家们已经知道如何harness无穷尽的太阳能。画线部分意为______。动词辨析题。 harness意为“治理；驾驭；利用”，在本句中意为“利用”，[B]utilize意为“利用，运用”，两者意思相同，故[B]为答案。accomplish意为“完成；实现”；balance意为“使平衡；结算”；circulate意为“使循环；使流通”。

PART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. The words can be used ONCE ONLY.

[A]apparent[B]automatic[C]Consequently[D]Decidedly[E]decline[F]delightful[G]enrollments[H]financial[I]intimate[J]junior[K]professional[L]recalled[M]structure[N]switched[O]symptoms Many of today’s college students are suffering from a form of shock. Lisa is a good example of a student in shock. She is an attractive, intelligent twenty-year-old college【C1】______at a state university. Now, only three years later, Lisa is miserable. She has【C2】______her major four times and is forced to hold down two part-time jobs in order to pay her tuition. She suffers from sleeping and eating disorders and has no【C3】______ friend. Sometimes she burst out crying for no【C4】______reason. What is happening to Lisa happens to millions of college students each year. As a result, roughly one-quarter of the student population

at any time will suffer from【C5】______ of depression. Half of them will experience depression intense enough to call for【C6】______help. But many of them【C7】______ the idea because they don’t want people to think there’s something wrong with them. There are two reasons today’s college students are suffering more than in earlier generations. First is a weakening family support【C8】______. Today, with the high divorce rate, the traditional family is not always available for support. Another problem is【C9】______pressure. In the last decade tuition cost rose about sixty-six percent at public colleges and ninety percent at private schools.【C10】______, most students must work at least part-time. It can be depressing to students to be faced with the added tuition costs.

42． 【C1】

正确答案：J

解析：名词辨析题。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少表语中心词，因此空格处应填入一个名词。根据空格前的college和下一句中的three years later可知，Lisa是大三学生，故选junior”三年级学生”。

43． 【C2】

正确答案：N

解析：动词辨析题。空格前为has，后为名词短语her major，故空格处应填动词的过去分词。本句句意为：她四次——专业，而且被迫接手两份兼职工作以支付学费。备选动词中，switched”转换，改变”可与major搭配，表示“换专业”，符合题意。

44． 【C3】

正确答案：I

解析：形容词辨析题。空格前为has no，后为名词friend，故空格处较有可能填入一个形容词修饰friend。结合前半句句意“她遭受睡眠紊乱和饮食紊乱的痛苦”和备选形容词可知，intimate“亲密的”符合题意，在这里表明Lisa没有亲密的朋友。

45． 【C4】

正确答案：A

解析：形容词辨析题。空格前为for no，后为名词reason，故空格处较有可能填一个形容词修饰reason。结合前三句对Lisa状态的描述和备选形容词可知，apparent“显而易见的”符合题意，for noapparent reason意为“无缘无故地，无明显原因地”，在这里表明Lisa经常莫名地哭泣。

46． 【C5】

正确答案：O

解析：名词辨析题。空格前为will suffer from，后为of depression，故空格处应填入一个名词或动名词。此处句意为：任何时候都有大约四分之一的学生遭受抑郁的——。结合句意和备选项可知，symptoms“症状”符合题意。

47． 【C6】

正确答案：K

解析：形容词辨析题。空格前为call for，后为名词help，故空格处较有可能填入一个形容词修饰help。前半句中的depression intense enough说明，他们的抑郁症已经相当严重，故选professional“专业的”，表明他们需要获得专业的帮助。

48． 【C7】

正确答案：E

解析：动词辨析题。空格前为主语many of them，后为名词短语the idea及because引导的原因状语从句，因此空格处应填入一个动词作主句的谓语。由句首的But和原因状语从句中的they don’twant people to think…可知，decline”拒绝”符合题意，表示他们拒绝这个主意，即拒绝前面提到的“向专业人员求助”这个建议。

49． 【C8】

正确答案：M

解析：名词辨析题。 a weakening family support——为句子的表语，故空格处较有可能填名词作表语的中心词。此处句意为：首先是不断削弱的家庭支撑——。结合句意和备选项可知，structure”结构”最符合题意。

50． 【C9】

正确答案：H

解析：形容词辨析题。本题与上一题句子结构类似，都是主系表结构，其中表语部分已给出名词pressure，故空格处可能填形容词或名词作定语修饰pressure。结合下一句提到的tuition costrose可以推测出，学生的经济压力很大，故financial”财政的，金融的”符合题意。

51． 【C10】

正确答案：C

解析：副词辨析题。本句基本结构完整，故空格处应填入一个句子副词，修饰整个句子。空格前面部分提到学费上涨很多，空格后面部分又谈到很多学生必须至少兼职打工，这两句之间是因果关系，故Consequently“结果，因此”符合题意。

PART V READING COMPREHENSION

SECTION AIn this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.

Being with Seamus Heaney was like being with two people at once. On the one hand, he was noble, statesmanlike, slightly formidable: That monumental head could happily have taken its place among the classical emperors that ring the Sheldonian Theatre in Oxford. On the other, with his shambling gait(蹒跚步态), unruly hair and bred-in-the-bone jocundity(欢乐), he remained always the farmer’s son from Co. Derry. I met him first nearly 20 years ago, when I interviewed him for Harpers & Queen on the publication of “Seeing Things”. He spoke about the duty he felt to respond to letters from admirers, and of how this maddened his wife—”Marie always says, ‘For God’s sake!’, but the relationship between one’s ethical commands and one’s whole reality is very complex.” He reflected on the need sometimes for a poet to be political, and stern: “Sometimes it’s immoral not to put the boot in and cause a bit of bother: sometimes acquiescence(默认)is a failure.” He mused on his Catholic upbringing which—though he was no longer a churchgoer—had left him feeling he had “a right to joy”. Ahead of the interview, I’d been terrified of getting out of my depth, so as well as buying all Heaney’s poetry: I’d bought a volume of A-level notes on his work. When we’d finished speaking, he offered to sign the books and, to my horror, at the bottom of the tower, he discovered my notes. He roared with laughter. I laughed too. We parted on the merriest terms. But that evening, when he gave a reading at the Royal Society of Literature, he was recollected, and grave. Demonstrating Ted Hughes’s belief that “poetry derives from the place of ultimate suffering and decision”, he recited “Mid-Term Break”, about the tragic death of his younger brother, aged four: “In the porch I met my father crying—” We were brought together again by another poet, and mutual friend, George Mackay Brown. Embarking on Brown’s biography, I wrote to Heaney to ask whether he might share his memories and thoughts. He responded with a fax I will treasure forever: four pages of precise, perfectly turned reflections that I stitched through my book like golden thread. Then, last September, Heaney gave a reading in Stirling. He allowed me to interview him for “Seven Wonders”, speaking in rich, graceful sentences that made their way unedited from the recorder to the page. At a dinner in his honour, he told us how thrilled he’d been by the neighbouring farmer who dropped in to see him after he returned from receiving the Nobel Prize. “Ah, Seamus,” the farmer said. “Welcome home. And congratulations on the winnings!” At the reading itself, he seemed frail, but radiant. He spoke of his desire “to rise up and make poetry move—to make art and humanity worth something”. Then there were questions. A Stirling student, as awkward and shy as my 20-something self, asked whether Heaney had anything interesting left to say, now that he was so old. Unabashed, and twinkling with amusement, Heaney referred him to his early poem

“Digging”. “I might not have too much more digging ahead,” he admitted, “but I hope there’s a good bit of hoeing”. If only there had been more.

52． Which of the following can NOT be learned from the first paragraph? A．It is a memorable experience being with Seamus Heaney. B．Most poets are complex creatures with double personalities.

C．Images of both an emperor and a farmer can be seen in Seamus Heaney. D．Seamus Heaney is an old man with optimistic spirit about life.

正确答案：B

解析：推断题。第一段讲述诗人Seamus Heaney身上兼具皇帝的高贵威严和农民的乐天、淳朴及不拘小节，但不能就此推断大部分诗人都有双面性格，故[B]为答案。

53． The interview on the publication of “Seeing Things” showed that______. A．Harpers & Queen is one poem included in the collection—”Seeing Things” B．Seamus Heaney’s wife enjoyed answering letters from his admirers

C．a poet should have serious thoughts before publically raising his/her opinions D．Seamus Heaney was amused by the author’s preparation for the interview

正确答案：D

解析：细节题。根据第三段，在就诗作《看见事情》采访Seamus Heaney前，“我”因害怕准备不足而紧张，因此查阅并制作了小纸条以提示自己，诗人无意中发现纸条后放声大笑。[D]表述准确，故为答案。

Everyone loves an underdog. The news of Detroit’s bankruptcy on July 18th, the largest ever filed by an American city, made headlines everywhere. The story is one that people have been following intently for over half a century. Motown, America’s darling industrial conurbation, symbol of the automobile, the wealthy workingman, and all that seemed right with America, suffered a vicious decline. From a population of 1.8m in the early 1950s, only 700,000 inhabitants remain today. Its narrative is one of grandiose rise and fall, characteristic of a larger trend among the so-called Rust Belt cities. To pessimists, it is another sign of the decline of America itself. Yet because of all this, Detroit has captivated the imagination. American car lovers think longingly about the heyday of Detroit car manufacturing, clinging to their ‘57 Chevys and all they represent. Urban economic geographers and planners study the city’s demise and speculate about what went wrong. Artists flock to the city to photograph a deteriorating human-built landscape, an increasingly popular form dubbed “ruin porn”. Meanwhile, the Detroit diaspora(大移居)lies not only in the upper middle-class suburbs of adjacent Oakland County but across the North American continent. Few have forgotten their roots. It is easy to dismiss this love of Detroit as romanticised and far removed from the city’s current difficulties. But it is being channelled. In recent years, civic crowd-funding has developed to allow

ordinary citizens to direct their money to local civic projects. Platforms such as Citizinvestor, neighbor, ly and Spacehive were designed specifically for such initiatives, complementing more general crowd-funding sites such as Kickstarter and Indiegogo. These have funded civic works around the world, including a community centre in Glyncoch in Wales, a free Wi-Fi network in downtown Mansfield, a former mining town in Nottinghamshire, a pedestrian bridge in Rotterdam and a bike share programme in Kansas City. Two years ago, Detroit mayor Dave Bing snubbed a Kickstarter project to build a Robocop statue and place it in downtown Detroit, despite the fact that its $ 50,000 funding target had been easily reached. Perhaps this was too quick a response. While one might debate the pros and cons of a statue commemorating a 1980s action hero, the idea of harnessing civic crowd-funding to benefit Detroit is very compelling. Imagine a crowd-funded downtown training centre helping get youths out of gangs and into employment, a programme to provide laptops to inner city schools, or even a renovation of Michigan Central Station. And part of the attractiveness of the idea is that anyone can donate: new residents, old residents, or people around the world that have simply fallen in love with the city’s story. Though there are many hurdles to overcome, what civic crowd-funding represents is potential salvation for even the most-fiscally frail urban areas. Hollywood has shown us that the beloved underdog is not always victorious in the end. What always transpires, however, is a valiant 11th hour attempt at overcoming all odds. Detroit may wish to give it a try.

54． Which of the following is TRUE according to the first paragraph? A．It is human nature displaying contempt for someone who is defeated. B．Detroit’s bankruptcy represents the decline of U.S. automobile industry. C．Rise and fall is a natural law from which no one can escape.

D．Other Rust Belt cities are suffering similar dilemmas as Detroit is.

正确答案：D 解析：细节题。根据第一段倒数第二句Its narrative is one of grandiose rise and fall，characteristic of a larger trend among the so-called Rust Belt cities．可知，底特律的衰落是美国锈带城市的总体趋势，故[D]为答案。

55． The love for Detroit has pushed all the following actions forward EXCEPT______.

A．car lovers felt nostalgia about its glorious past

B．urban planners engaged in finding the possible causes for its decline C．artists produced art works showing the falling moral standards in Detroit D．platforms for civic crowd-funding have been designed

正确答案：C

解析：细节题。根据第二段，对底特律的热爱促使艺术家们拍摄刻画日益颓败的人造景观的图片，[C]表述错误，故为答案。

56． It can be inferred from the end of the passage that______.

A．civic crowd-funding may not be a long-term solution to relieve Detroit’s problems

B．what is shown in Hollywood movies is often the reflection of the real world C．it is likely that Detroit would overcome its financial difficulties eventually D．Detroit would depend on some decisive figures to overcome its financial difficulties

正确答案：C 解析：推断题。根据文章最后一段最后两句What always transpires，however，is a valiant 11thhour attempt at overcoming all odds．Detroit may wish to give it a try．可知，底特律可能会在最后关头克服重重困难、获得新生，[C]表述正确，故为答案。

If you find it hard to like James Inhofe—the Senator from Oklahoma who famously called climate change the “greatest hoax perpetrated on the American people”—remember this: He was once five. That matters, because Inhofe wasn’t merely a lot younger back then, he was a lot wiser—at least where the environment is concerned. That, according to a study from the Teacher Training College in Bilbao Spain, is true not just of the gentleman from Oklahoma, but all of us. Educators and people who work with small children know that they’re anarchists(无政府主义者)by nature, but children also live in a world full of rules. Some of those rules are taught—raise your hand in class, don’t interrupt other people: some seem more innate—don’t hit other children, don’t hurt animals. As reported in a story, psychologists like to posit the difference between telling a kindergartener that the teacher has suspended the rule against eating snacks in class and telling the same child that the teacher has suspended the no-hitting rule. In the first case, the child will grab the nearest cookie. In the second, the child will typically hesitate and refuse to hit, and may even say the teacher is wrong. To test where living things fall on this do-no-harm spectrum, Training College researcher Jose Domingo Villaroel assembled a sample group of 118 boys and girls, ages 4 to 7, from local public schools. He started with the basics, showing the kids two sets of four pictures each—a dog, a tree, a bird and a flower: and the sun, clouds, a car and a motorcycle—and asked which of them was alive and which not. As it turned out, the youngest kids particularly would often exclude the tree from the living things category but include the car or the motorcycle. Villaroel next asked them to respond to two situations. In the first they were presented with a set of social rules(rules against nose-picking and eating sloppily)and a set of interpersonal rules(don’t take other kids’ toys or hurt other kids). In the second they were presented the same social rules and a set of environmental rules(don’t step on flowers, don’t carve your name into a tree with a knife). In both cases they were asked to pick which rules were the worse ones to break. In both cases the social rules were abandoned first. It was perhaps unsurprising that kids understand intuitively why harming other children is a worse offense than showing

bad manners. Even at an early age children have a growing sense of empathy, and they understand what it would feel like to be hit themselves or have a toy taken away. But children aren’t flowers or trees, and yet they showed them equal concern—and that included the kids who didn’t realize that plant life is life at all. The study is hardly airtight. It’s possible that the children did not give a hoot about the flowers and were just parroting rules they’d been taught or had observed. But they were taught the good-manners rule too. Villaroel wasn’t concerned with whether they understood right and wrong as absolutes, but rather in degrees—which thing was more right or more wrong. And on that metric, nature scored a big win. There’s a whole lot of developmental ground covered between the time you’re a five-year-old pre-schooler and a 55-year-old policymaker, and our better angels don’t always survive the trip. But it’s encouraging to know we start out with them—and it’s worth trying to hang onto them as long as we can.

57． The study from the Teacher Training College in Bilbao Spain shows that______.

A．some people were much wiser when they were young

B．climate change is a subject that affects every member of human society C．climate change is the greatest hoax to people from all over the world D．people pay less attention to the environment when they become older

正确答案：D

解析：细节题。作者在第一段以参议员詹姆斯·英霍夫关于环境变化“是对美国人民的最大骗局”的著名论断为例，指出如果在其儿童时期，他会在环境问题上更明智，而这也是西班牙某教师培训学院的一项实验结果。[D]表述准确，故为答案。

58． Which of the following is TRUE about the research conducted by Jose Domingo Villaroel?

A．In the first set of experiments, the kids seemed to regard self-motion as the defining quality.

B．Jose Domingo Villaroel has got the desirable outcome from his experiments. C．In the second set of experiments, the kids would generally hesitate before breaking social rules.

D．His research result is confirmed by the similar experiments conducted in other countries.

正确答案：A

解析：细节题。根据第三、四段，西班牙某教师培训学院的荷塞·维拉洛做了一项研究，从当地小学召集了代表性的118位4到7岁的孩子，先给他们展示两组照片，其后又让他们面对两种情境作出反应。根据第三段，在第一个试验中，孩子们将狗、汽车、摩托车列人有生命物体的类别，而排除了树，可推知他们将可移动性作为该项的评价标准，故选[A]。

59． Which of the following can NOT be inferred from the end of the passage? A．Though the research was not scientifically accurate, it pointed to some encouraging results.

B．There are many factors influencing one’s outlook during his/her growing up. C．The virtuous die young, but the evil leave a stink for ten thousand years. D．The author urges us to become more environmentally-conscious as the society develops.

正确答案：C

解析：推断题。根据最后一段，从孩童到55岁的政策制定者的旅程中有很多成长空间，而且我们当中更善良的天使们并不都能活到那个岁数，此句为部分否定，无法就此推断“好人不长命、恶人却遗臭万年”，故[C]为答案。

Today in mind-bendingly cool stuff that nanoparticles(纳米粒子)can do: A team of researchers at Rice University in Texas has demonstrated a mechanism by which they can create steam in just seconds by focusing sunlight on a mixture of water and nanoparticles. This isn’t just some artificial means of lowering boiling point either: this solar powered “boiler” can produce steam before the water even gets warm to the touch, without ever bringing the aggregate water to a boil. Right now this research is very much still in the lab, and the researchers aren’t sure exactly how far they can push it. But it doesn’t take much to imagine the possibilities for a steam generator that runs solely on water and sunlight. The technology works by mixing a small amount of either carbon or gold-coated silicon dioxide(二氧化硅)nanoparticles, each just one-tenth the diameter of a single human hair, with water in a glass vessel. Their small diameters—smaller than the wavelength of visible light—means that they can absorb most of a light wave’s energy rather than scattering it. So when sunlight is focused on the vessel with a lens, the particles quickly become quite hot—hot enough to vaporize(蒸发)the water directly surrounding it. This creates a bubble of steam that envelopes the nanoparticle, which is now insulated from the cooler liquid water by the steam, which allows it to grow hotter still, vaporizing more of the water immediately around it. At some point the nanoparticle and its steam envelope become large enough to grow buoyant, at which point the whole steam bubble—particle and all—floats to the surface. The steam is released into the air, the particle falls back into the cooler water and sinks back down until it begins to absorb sunlight and heat again, at which point the process starts all over. Multiply that by the number of nanoparticles in the mixture, and you have something of a simulated boil, but one that doesn’t require the entire pot of water to reach boiling point before the first steam bubbles head to the surface. You can think of it as a way of micromanaging the boiling process, specifically heating some parts of the water(where it touches the nanoparticles)while leaving the rest of the water cool. And the particles themselves are completely durable— they keep absorbing, heating, cooling, and absorbing again, with no need to replace them. Pretty nuts, no? It spells an interesting future for solar power in general, but more specifically it’s easy

to see how a cheap and abundant source of steam, even in low specific volumes, could be used to do anything from generate electricity and heat to lower the energy intensive nature of certain processes like water desalinization(脱盐). As the WaPo points out, the last time someone came up with a cheap and easy way to generate and harness abundant steam it completely changed the world. So there’s that.

60． We can infer from the passage that______.

A．when put into water, nanoparticles are highly active and hot enough to vaporize it

B．the steam bubble with some nanoparticles in it would float to the surface with steam released

C．once the nanoparticles are used up, new ones should be put into the water again

D．efficient use of steam may reduce the energy cost in some industrial processes

正确答案：D

解析：推断题。根据最后一段，使用纳米粒子降低了产生蒸汽的成本，操作起来高效便捷，这在诸如发电、产生热量、降低脱盐等过程的能源密集型性质上具有重要意义，[D]“蒸汽的高效利用可能会降低某些工业过程中的能源消耗。”表述正确，故为答案。

61． The best title for the passage is______. A．New Technology, Fresh Lifestyle

B．A New Boiling Process with Solar Power C．Nanoparticles and Steam Creation D．Importance and Implications of Steam

正确答案：C

解析：主旨题。根据全文，作者通过相关实验说明了纳米粒子在产生蒸汽方面的新应用；[C]提炼了全部的关键词，最能概括文章主旨，故为答案。

SECTION BIn this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with No more than TEN words in the space provided.

PASSAGE ONE

62． What does the author try to do by citing the example of his music teacher?

正确答案：To prove the necessity of reviving traditional education．

解析：细节题。根据第五段首句的描述，将Mr．K的教学方式与最新研究成果进行对比，可得出一个惊人的结论：是时候恢复旧式传统教育了。

PASSAGE TWO

63． What does the word “pronounced” in Paragraph Nine mean?

正确答案：Evident．

解析：语义题。根据上文，怀疑论者提出气温升高出现“停滞”迹象，随后列举了几大理由，第九段仍为理由的延续性描述，即自然的多变性是升温不大明显的原因，能表达此意的是evident“明显的”一词。

PASSAGE THREE

64． Compared with visiting a social networking site, what can you do when dealing with health tracking?

正确答案：You can release your personal data unconsciously．

解析：细节题。由题干可定位至第八段。与社交网站的数据采集相比，健康跟踪装置的数据是通过传感器采集的个人真实信息，无法由个人控制，故不具防御性。所以“你可能毫无意识地泄漏了你的个人数据”为答案。

65． What do the companies’ efforts to keep personal information private seem to be?

正确答案：Ineffective．

解析：推断题。根据文章最后一段，许多最流行的健康应用程序背后的公司都加大了力度来为个人信息保密，然而应用程序公司毕竟仍是商业性质，由此可以推断，要将用户的个人信息保密几乎不太可能。故公司试图将个人信息保密的措施效果不大，“无效果的”为答案。

PASSAGE FOUR

66． Why hadn’t the author touched the healing skin?

正确答案：It was too difficult to accept the new skin． 解析：细节题。由题干可定位至第九段。Ramona柔声地对作者说”This is part of your body．This isyou．It’s okay to touch it．”由此可以看出，作者并没有真正意义上地从心理上接受它，对她来说太难以接受了。

PART VI WRITING

67． Should cell phones be allowed in schools? This has been an intensely discussed question for years. The following are the supporters’ and opponents’ opinions. Read carefully the opinions from both sides and write your response in about 200 words, in which you should first summarize briefly the opinions from both sides and give your view on the issue. Marks will be awarded for content relevance , content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your response on

ANSWER SHEET THREE.

正确答案： Cell phones are of great convenience in our life. However, there are arguments about whether or not they should be used in schools. Some say that to forbid cell phones completely is to ignore some of the educational advantages of having cell phones in the classroom. Cell phones contribute a lot to students’ learning. They are great memory aids because if students are slow to copy notes from the board, they can take pictures of the missed notes instead and view them later with their cell phones. Besides, they can keep students safer by allowing them to ask for help during an emergency. However, others claim that cell phones pose a disruption to the educational environment. Students cannot fully benefit from classroom instruction if they are distracted by incoming text messages and vibrations from incoming calls. And using cell phones for cheating is also a big concern. On top of that, allowing cell phones in schools increases the risk of theft. Despite the positive effects that can emerge from permitting students to bring their cell phones into the classroom, cell phones, in my opinion, should be banned in class to help keep annoyances and distractions to a minimum since some of the students still have trouble taking responsibility for their own behavior.

解析： 本题讨论手机是否可以在课堂上使用，命题与同学们的生活息息相关。在具体行文方面，考生可以在第一段阐述背景，并概述正方观点，把手机带人课堂的好处，即能在紧急时刻及时与外界取得联系，并且有助于提高学习效率，帮助记录笔记。第二段概述反方观点，概述在课堂上没有必要带手机的原因，即会干扰学生学习，学生有可能会在考试中借助手机作弊，同时也增大了手机被偷的概率。第三段阐述个人观点，并总结全文。