73 从实用角度考虑,形容词可以分为描绘性和限定性两大类。
1.绝大多数形容词都是描绘性的,前节所列形容词都属于这一类。
它们可能表示有关人的品质,如Shakespearean,Dar-winian,Marxian, Herculean,也表示某些东西的特点,如Biblical,solar,celestial, 可与地名有关,如Japanese,Ro-man,Parisian,也可与某种材料有关, 如 brazen,airy,earthen,可指外观,如long,colorful,square, 也可指性质,如strong,harmful,lasting,或指情绪,如angry,sad, charmed 等等。
2.它们可以放在多种位置:a)名词前面,b)名词后面,c)系动
词后面作补语,d)宾语后面作宾语的补语及前章所列的其他6 个位置, 如:
a)A good dictionary is necessary.
b)A dictionary good for children is necessary. c)This dictionary is good.
d)He finds the dictionary good. 3.它们大多数可用于比较级,如:
strong,stronger,strongest;long,longer,longest;beautiful, more beautiful,most beautiful;depressing,more depressing,most depressing
4.它们多数都不能用作名词或代词,除非加上某种词尾,如:形容 词——happy,honest,long,strong,sad,hungry,poor
名词——happiness,honesty,length,strength,sadness,hunger, poverty
有少数形容词可以用作名词: He is a good(形容词) man. He never does good(名词).
He lives an evil(形容词)life. He returns good for evil(名词).
He always goes the right(形容词)way.
He does not know the difference between right(名词)and wrong. He lives in a very dark(形容词)room. He never goes out after dark(名词). He felt cold(形容词).
He shivered with cold(名词).
5.描绘性形容词都放在限定性形容词后面,用来修饰同一名词,如 all rich men,any red dress
6.它们对名词的单复数问题不产生影响,如 fat boys,wise boys, kind-hearted boys
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