大学英语四级(2013年12月考试改革适用)模拟试卷96(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语四级（2013年12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷96 (题后含答

案及解析)

题型有：1. Writing 2. Listening Comprehension 3. 4. Reading Comprehension 5. Translation

Part I Writing

1． For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Average Family Income and Expenses in the U.S. based on the statistics provided in the table below. Please give a brief description of the table and then describe the changes. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

正确答案： The Average Family Income and Expenses in the U.S. The table reveals the average family income and expenses in the United States in 1980 and 1985. In 1980, the average family income was distributed in the following ways: 18% was spent on food, 25% was spent on housing, which accounted for most of the family expenditure. 10% on medical expenses, 7% on entertainment and 5% went to savings in the bank. The remaining 35% was channeled to other family expenses. In 1985, the picture was slightly different. With the total family income increased to $ 16,000 per year, the percentages of income spent on food, housing and medical care also took an upward turn, which went up to 22%, 32%, and 12% respectively. The percentage of family income spent on entertainment and savings remained the same, while the percentage of money put to other uses dropped from 35% to 23%. It can be concluded from the above table that when people have higher income they tend to spend more on food, housing and medical care and thus increase the standard of their lives.

Part II Listening Comprehension

Section A

听力原文：M: Jane, you won’ t be able to get to the airport in time to catch the 10 o’ clock flight. W: I realize that now. I’ll have to get my ticket changed. Q: What will the woman have to do?

2．

A．Switch to a different flight. B．Go to the airport immediately.

C．Ask the man to change the ticket for her. D．Buy a ticket for the ten o’ clock flight.

正确答案：A

解析：信息明示题。男子说女子赶不上10点的航班了，女子说她已经意识到了，所以打算去换机票，可知女子会改乘另一个航班，因此A项正确。

听力原文：M: Would you get me through to Dr. Lemon please? W: I’ m sorry. He’ s with a patient. Q: What does the woman mean?

3．

A．Dr. Lemon has lost his patient. B．Dr. Lemon is waiting for a patient. C．Dr. Lemon is busy at the moment.

D．Dr. Lemon has gone out to visit a patient.

正确答案：C

解析：信息明示题。男士打电话找Lemon医生，女士说医生正在诊治患者，可推知，Lemon医生现在很忙．不方便接电话，因此C项正确。

听力原文：M: Are you ready to check out? W: Yes. I’ll pay the bill and you’ll call the desk and have our baggage taken out to the taxi. Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?

4．

A．In a railway station. B．In a hotel room. C．In a restaurant. D．At the airport.

正确答案：B

解析：综合推断题。女士说她要付账单，让男士给服务台打电话把行李搬到出租车上，由此可知对话应该发生在宾馆，故选B。

听力原文：M: Think it over carefully! You must have left it somewhere. W: But the problem is that I have to have it now. I need it to use my car, and when I get home, to open the door. Q: What happened to the woman?

5．

A．She lost her way. B．She lost her keys. C．She lost her car.

D．She lost her handbag.

正确答案：B

解析：综合推断题。男士：仔细想想，你一定把它放在什么地方了。女士说她现在就得用，她要用它开车门和开家门，可推断女士丢了钥匙，故选B。

听力原文：M: The train is late. When will it arrive?W: They say it’ s late for 25 minutes, so it should be here at 11:46. Q: When will the train arrive?

6．

A．11:25 B．11:40 C．0.490278 D．0.4763

正确答案：C

解析：信息明示题。男士问：火车晚点了，什么时候到?女士说火车晚了25分钟，所以应该在11：46到达，故选C。

听力原文：W: You took an optional course this semester, didn’t you? How is it going? M: Terrible. It seems like the more the professor talks, the less I understand. Q: How does the man feel about the course?

7．

A．He wishes to have more courses like it. B．He finds it hard to follow the teacher. C．He wishes the teacher would talk more. D．He doesn’ t like the teacher’ s accent.

正确答案：B

解析：信息明示题。女士问：你这学期修了一门选修课吧?怎么样啊?男士说老师讲得越多，他觉得越难理解。可见男士跟不上老师的进度，故选B。

听力原文：M: The music is so beautiful that I’ d like to dance. But I don’ t know the steps. W: It doesn’ t matter. No one will be looking at us in his crowd. Q: What does the woman suggest they do?

8．

A．Take a walk.

B．Listen to the music. C．Dance to the music. D．Give a performance.

正确答案：C

解析：综合推断题。男子说音乐太美妙了，想跟着音乐跳舞，可是自己不知道舞步。女子说这么多人不会有人注意到．可见他们可能会随着音乐跳舞，故C项正确。

听力原文：M: I’ d better read one of the articles for our political science class. W: You can’ t read just one. They say each presents a different theory. Q: What does the woman tell the man he must do?

9．

A．Read more than one article. B．Choose a better article to read.

C．Present a different theory to the class. D．Read an article on political science.

正确答案：A

解析：综合推断题。男士说要看一篇政治学的文章，女士说不能只看一篇，因为每个人有不同的理论。可见，女士希望男士多看几篇，因此A项正确。

听力原文：M: Is that a map? Are you going sailing or something?W: I wish. It’s a hurricane-tracking chart. It’s a map of tropical ocean areas southeast of us. It follows the development of tropical storms, even hurricanes. They develop in the Caribbean and move around the Atlantic and here on the Florida Coast. We got hit a lot by those winds or rain in July or August.M: Do you think that the tropical storm is on the way?W: Too early to tell, but we need to be prepared. The radio mentioned possible evacuation routes.M: Really? It’s that serious?W: You’ d better believe it. Late summer is hurricane season. The television updates locations and speeds every hour.M: What did they say is out there now?W: A couple of tropical depressions, two storms and two hurricanes.M: What’s the difference?W: Wind velocity. A depression is the least serious actually, and a hurricane is the most serious.M: How serious are the winds in hurricanes?W: They have sustained winds of 74 mph and up.M: What are the names on the map?W: David, Arlene, Francisco, and Gina. You know weather forecasters give the hurricanes the names of people to make storms easy to identify,M: I wonder what the status of the storm is now.W: You can turn on the television; it has the best coverage. There is an update coming up in five minutes.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. What is the topic of this conversation?10. What’ s the weather of late summer?11. How is one tropical weather system distinguished from the other?12. How do weather forecasters identify hurricanes?

10．

A．Weather patterns that can affect Florida. B．How strong winds develop into a hurricane. C．Memories of a recent storm. D．Planning a summer vacation.

正确答案：A

解析：主旨大意题。从开始时男士说的It’s a hurricane—tracking chart，和女士说的Do you think that the tropi—cal storm is on the way．可以看出他们是在谈论天气。故A正确。

11．

A．Late summer is cloudy season. B．Late summer is hurricane season. C．Late summer is rainy season. D．Late summer is sunny season.

正确答案：B

解析：信息明示题。男士问有那么严重吗，女士说Late summer is hurricane season，由此可知B正确。在听音之前看选项可知此题的关键词是last summer，所以在听音时应该格外注意。

12．

A．Wind speed. B．Rainfall.

C．Direction of approach. D．Water temperature.

正确答案：A

解析：信息明示题。男士问女士几种热带天气现象的区别是什么，女士回答说是“wind velocity(风速)．Adepression is the least serious actually，and a hurricane is the most serious”，所以A正确。此题难度在于windvelocity的词义。

13．

A．By month. B．By number. C．By location. D．By name.

正确答案：D

解析：信息明示题。女士说“You know weather forecasters give the hurricanes the names of people to make stormseasy to identify”．可知气象预报员用人名给风暴命名以便于区分，所以D正确。

听力原文：M: I am so relieved, I just finished the story I was working on for our creative writing course.W: I haven’ t quite finished mine yet. I had trouble getting past the beginning.M: How come?W: Well. I was really happy to be writing a detective story. But after the first few pages, I sort of froze up mentally. I just couldn’ t write any more.M: The same thing happened to me. I thought it meant I lack imagination.W: Well, Professor Wilson said it’ s pretty common for writers to get stuck like that.M: You went to talk to her about it?W: Actually, I went to ask for more time to finish the assignment. But instead she gave me some advice about how to keep from getting stalled writing like that. She said that first thing I should do is just write anything that comes into my head even if it doesn’t make any sense, sort of warm up exercise.M: That is interesting. When I got stuck, I shift to something else, you know, do some work for one of my other courses.W: Well, her methods seem to have worked for me. I’ve written most of the story, and I should be able to hand it in on time. But first I need go to the jewelry store.M: You are going shopping? Can’t you wait until you finish your story?W: I am going there for my story. My detective solves a jewelry store robbery, so I want to take a look at how the jewelry cases are arranged, where the security cameras are located, that sort of thing.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13. What was the woman’ s problem?14. What did

the professor tell the woman to do?15. Why is the woman going out?

14．

A．Her professor did not like her story.

B．She had trouble finishing her assignment.

C．She did not like the topic she had chosen for her paper. D．She was taking too many courses.

正确答案：B

解析：综合推断题。女士说还没有完成创意写作课所留的故事写作作业，接着说自己写不下去了，由此推断，女士在写作中遇到了问题，故选B。

15．

A．Take some extra time. B．Do writing exercise.

C．Do some work for another course. D．Write the story ending first.

正确答案：B

解析：信息明示题。女士说，教授建议她写下所想到的所有东西，无论是否有意义，就像做热身练习一样，故选B。

16．

A．To go shopping.

B．To do research for her story. C．To meet with her professor. D．To take a break from her work.

正确答案：B

解析：综合推断题。女士说去珠宝店是为了自己的故事，她所描写的侦探破获了一桩珠宝抢劫案，她要去了解一下与此相关的事物，由此推断，她去珠宝店是为自己的故事做调查，故选B。

Section B

听力原文： We use both words and gestures to express our feeling, but the problem is that these words and gestures can be understood in different ways. It is true that a smile means the same thing in any language. So does laughter or crying. There are also a number of striking similarities in the way different animals show the same feeling. Dogs, tigers, and humans, for example, often show their teeth when they are angry. This is probably because they are born with those behavior patterns. Fear is another emotion that is shown in much the same way all over the world. In Chinese and in English literature, a phrase like “he went pale and began to tremble” suggests that the man is either very afraid or he has just got a very big shock.

However, “he opened his eyes wide” is used to suggest anger in Chinese whereas in English it means surprise. Even in the same culture, people differ in their ability to understand and express feelings. Experiments in America have shown that women are usually better than men at recognizing fear, anger, love and happiness on people’ s faces. Other studies show that older people usually find it easier to recognize or understand body language than younger people do.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. 16. What’ s the main idea of this passage?17. What does the expression “he opened his eyes wide” mean in English?18. Who can better understand body language?

17．

A．Words are used as frequently as gestures.

B．Both words and gestures are often found difficult to understand. C．Both words and gestures are used in expressing our feeling. D．Gestures are more efficiently used than words.

正确答案：C 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文主要讲述话语和肢体语言都可以用来表达情感。选项A、B、D在文中并没有提及，故选C。

18． A．Fear. B．Shock. C．Anger. D．Surprise.

正确答案：D 解析：细节辨认题。短文倒数第二段指出However，“he opened his eyes wide”is used to suggest anger in Chi-nese whereas in English it means surprise．由此可知在英语中，he opened his eyes wide是指惊讶，但是在汉语中却指生气、愤怒。所以选项D正确。

19． A．Men. B．Women.

C．Older people. D．Younger people.

正确答案：C 解析：细节辨认题。短文最后一句Other studies show that older people usually find it easier to recognize orunderstand body language than younger people do．表明研究发现老年人比年轻人更容易辨认理解身体语言。由此可知C正确。

听力原文： About fifty different vitamins have been identified, and a deficiency in many of these can lead to illness. Vitamin A is most important for good

eyesight. Liver contains a considerable amount of vitamin A, but vitamin A is also found in fish, meat, milk, and some fruits and vegetables. Vitamin B in fact consists of twelve different chemicals, which are found in egg, cheese and vegetables. If a person has an inadequate amount of vitamin B in his or her diet, this may particularly affect the skin, the nervous system and the heart. Vitamin C helps to heal injuries. Some doctors believe that large quantities of vitamin C helps people avoid colds. Fruits and uncooked vegetables are rich in vitamin C, but when they are overcooked, or left for a long time, they lose most of their vitamins. Vitamin D is essential for the growth of bones and is found in fish, liver and milk. Vitamin D is the only vitamin which the body can make for itself, but it can only do this if there is sufficient sunlight. A lack of both sunlight and vitamin D can result in disease called rickets, which causes bones to soften. A well-balanced diet will provide an adequate amount of vitamins. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard. 19. Which of the following statements is true?20. Which vitamin can be made by the human body?21. Which of the following statement is implied by the speaker?

20．

A．Four different vitamins have been identified till now. B．A lack of Vitamin B may affect one’ s eyesight. C．Vitamin A can be found in liver.

D．Even a small quantity of Vitamin C can help people avoid colds.

正确答案：C

解析：细节辨认题。短文开头提到现在大约50种维生素已经被确定，由此得知选项A错误。短文第三段讲维生素B的作用，缺乏维B影响皮肤、神经系统和心脏，故选项B错误。短文第四段介绍维生素C，很多医生认为大量维C可以避免感冒，故排除选项D。所以选C。

21．

A．Vitamin A. B．Vitamin B. C．Vitamin C. D．Vitamin D.

正确答案：D

解析：信息明示题。短文中提到Vitamin D is the only vitamin which the body can make for itself，故选D。

22．

A．People should eat more to get sufficient amount of vitamins.

B．People should have more sunlight to ensure absorbing various vitamins. C．People should not overcook the vegetables. D．People should do more exercises.

正确答案：C

解析：事实细节题。由短文最后一句A well—balanced diet will provide an adequate amount of vitamins．可知均衡的饮食可以提供充足的维生素，故A错误。选项B不符合短文描述，因为充足的阳光只能保证不会缺乏维生素D。选项D短文没有提及。选项C正确，短文中提到but when they are overcooked, or left for a long time，they lose most of their vitamins．即蔬菜不能烹饪过度，否则会造成维C的流失。所以选C。

听力原文： In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent, notions of male superiority are hard to maintain. The pattern of sharing in tasks and in decision makes for equality, and this in turn leads to further sharing. In such a home, the growing boy and girl learn to accept equality more easily than did their parents and to prepare more fully for participation in a world characterized by cooperation rather than by the “battle of the sexes”. If the process goes too far and man’s role is regarded as less important, things will be as badly off as before. What we need is the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals. We have almost given up saying that a woman’ s place is in the home. We are beginning, however, to analyze man’ s place in the home and to insist that he does have a place in it. The family is a co-operative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules, because each family needs to work out its own ways for solving its own problems. Excessive authoritarianism has unhappy consequences. The ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is relevant not only to a healthy democracy, but also to a healthy family. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. 22. What is the best title for this passage?23. According to the author, what is the father’ s role in the home?24. How does the author describe the consequences of excessive authoritarianism in the home?25. Which of the following would the author most agree with?

23．

A．Opinions on equality between the sexes in families. B．The ideal of sex equality in American family. C．American males and females.

D．The family—a co-operative enterprise.

正确答案：A

解析：主旨大意题。全文主要围绕关于家庭中性别平等的不同意见展开，最后指出平等的权利和义务关系到家庭的健康和谐。所以文章最合适的标题应是Opinions on equality between the sexes in families．故选A。

24．

A．The father’ s role is minor because he is a helpless parent.

B．The father’s role is irrelevant to the healthy development of the child. C．The father’ s role is essential to the mother’ s role.

D．The father’ s role is important to the healthy growth of the child.

正确答案：D

解析：信息明示题。文章第二段指出What we need is the recognition that bringing up children involves a part—nership of equals．和man’s place in the home and to insist that he does have a place in it．故可知作者认为孩子的成长离不开父母平等的合作，与母亲在家中的地位相比，父亲的角色同等重要。所以选项D正确。

25． A．Ideal. B．Fortunate. C．Harmful. D．Unhappy.

正确答案：D

解析：信息明示题。文中指出Excessive authoritarianism has unhappy consequences，故选D。

26．

A．Males are basically opposed to sharing household chores.

B．A healthy, co-operative family is a basic ingredient of a healthy society. C．Division of household responsibilities is not workable in practice. D．A woman’ s place is in the home—now as always.

正确答案：B

解析：细节辨认题。通观全文，作者始终认为在家庭中两性角色应该平等。选项A、C都是不平等的表现，故不正确。作者在文中还指出We have almost given up saying that a woman’s place is in the home．故选项D也不正确。所以选B。

Section C

听力原文： Environmental pollution is a term that refers to all the ways by which humans pollutes their(26)surroundings. We also pollute our surroundings in various other ways. For example, people ruin natural beauty by(27)scattering junk and litter on the land and in the water. They operate machines and motor vehicles that fill the air with dangerous(28)exhaust and disturbing noise. Environmental pollution is one of the most serious problems that mankind faces today. Air, water, and soil—all harmed by pollution—are(29)necessary to the survival of all living things. Badly polluted air can cause illness, and even death. Polluted water kills fish and other marine life. Pollution of the soil(30)reduces the amount of land on which we can grow food. Environmental pollution also brings ugliness to man’ s(31)naturally beautiful world. Everyone wants to reduce pollution. But the pollution problem is as(32)complicated as it is serious. It is complicated because so much pollution is caused by things which benefit people. For example, exhaust from automobiles causes

a large(33)percentage of all air pollution. But the automobile provides transportation for millions of people. Factories discharge much of the material that pollutes air and water, but factories provide jobs for people. Too much fertilizer or pesticide can(34)ruin soil, but fertilizers and pesticides are important aids to the growing of crops. Thus, to end or greatly reduce pollution immediately, people would have to stop(35)using many things that benefit them.

Environmental pollution is a term that refers to all the ways by which humans pollute their 【B1】______. We also pollute our surroundings in various other ways. For example, people ruin natural beauty by【B2】______junk and litter on the land and in the water. They operate machines and motor vehicles that fill the air with dangerous【B3】______and disturbing noise. Environmental pollution is one of the most serious problems that mankind faces today. Air, water, and soil—all harmed by pollution—are【B4】______to the survival of all living things. Badly polluted air can cause illness, and even death. Polluted water kills fish and other marine life. Pollution of the soil【B5】______the amount of land on which we can grow food. Environmental pollution also brings ugliness to man’ s【B6】______beautiful world. Everyone wants to reduce pollution. But the pollution problem is as【B7】______as it is serious. It is complicated because so much pollution is caused by things which benefit people. For example, exhaust from automobiles causes a large【B8】______of all air pollution. But the automobile provides transportation for millions of people. Factories discharge much of the material that pollutes air and water, but factories provide jobs for people. Too much fertilizer or pesticide can 【B9】______soil, but fertilizers and pesticides are important aids to the growing of crops. Thus, to end or greatly reduce pollution immediately, people would have to stop【B10】______many things that benefit them.

27． 【B1】

正确答案：surroundings 解析：此处应填入名词，由空格前的形容词性物主代词所修饰。surroundings意为“环境”。此句意为“环境污染是用来指人类通过各种方式污染周围环境的一个术语”。

28． 【B2】

正确答案：scattering

解析：此处应填入动名词，因为空格前是介词。scattering意为“撒；使分散”。

29． 【B3】

正确答案：exhaust 解析：此处应填人名词，被空格前的形容词dangerous修饰。exhaust意为“废气”。文中意思是指，人们操纵着机器，使用着机动车辆，这使空气中充满了具

有危害性的废气和令人不安的噪音。

30． 【B4】

正确答案：necessary

解析：此处应填人形容词，置于be动词后作表语。be necessary to…意为“对……来说是必要的”。

31． 【B5】

正确答案：reduces

解析：此处应填人动词，在句子中作谓语。由于主语是不可数名词，谓语动词应使用单数第三人称。reduces意为“减少”。

32． 【B6】

正确答案：naturally

解析：此处应填人副词，修饰空格后的形容词beautiful。naturally意为“自然地，天生地”。

33． 【B7】

正确答案：complicated

解析：此处应填人形容词，置于as…as结构中间。complicated意为“复杂的”。文中指出，每个人都想降低污染，但是污染问题就像它的严重程度一样复杂。

34． 【B8】

正确答案：percentage

解析：此处应填人名词，由空格前的形容词large修饰作宾语。percentage意为“百分比”。

35． 【B9】

正确答案：ruin

解析：此处应填入动词，由于是在情态动词之后，应使用动词原形。ruin意为“破坏，毁灭”。

36． 【B10】

正确答案：using

解析：此处应填入动名词，stop doing sth．意为“停止做某事”。此句意为“因此，为了立即终止污染或极大地降低污染，人们必须停止使用许多对他们有

益的东西”。

Part III Reading Comprehension

Section A

The great ship, Titanic, sailed for New York from Southampton on April 10th, 1912. She was carrying 1,316【C1】______and crew of 1. Even by modern standards, the 46,000 ton Titanic was a colossal ship. At the time, however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as【C2】______, for she had sixteen watertight compartments. Even if two of these were flooded, she would still be able to float. The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be【C3】______, for she went down on her first【C4】______with heavy loss of life. Four days after【C5】______out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy water of the North Atlantic, huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a lookout. After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid a direct【C6】______. The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense walk of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her. Suddenly, there was a slight【C7】______sound from below, and the captain went down to see what had happened. The noise had been so faint that no one thought that the ship had been damaged. Below, the captain realized to his【C8】______that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had already been flooded! The order to【C9】______ship was given and hundreds of people【C10】______into the icy water. As there were not enough lifeboats for everybody, 1,500 lives were lost.A)prepared B)passengers C)setting D)plungedE)remembered F)collision G)abandon H)unsinkableI)horror J)qualified K)presentation L)unbelievableM)voyage N)beautiful O)trembling

37． 【C1】

正确答案：B

解析：此句讲这艘船载了1 316名……和1名船员。常识来说，船上除了船员。就是乘客了，选项中也有passengers这一选项，故选B。

38． 【C2】

正确答案：H

解析：此处选形容词，选项中有三个形容词，只有unsinkable符合文意，意为大家都认为这艘船是会永不沉没的。

39． 【C3】

正确答案：E

解析：此句话缺一个动词，又由be一词可以推断这个词为过去分词，故选

remembered或者plunged，而符合题意的只有remembered。

40． 【C4】

正确答案：M

解析：此句话讲的是这是这艘船的首次……，根据went down可以推测是首航，故选voyage。

41． 【C5】

正确答案：C

解析：根据上下文可以推测，这里讲的是当船开出四天后，set out是固定搭配，after后面接doing something。故选setting out。

42． 【C6】

正确答案：F

解析：可判断此处填名词，名词有passengers，voyage，collision，horror，presentation，只有collision符合题意，意为“突然转向以防直接造成碰撞”。

43． 【C7】

正确答案：O

解析：此处应该填形容词，形容一种微小的声音，只有trembling可以形容，意为“颤抖的微弱声音”。

44． 【C8】

正确答案：I

解析：此处填名词，意为“船长的……”，根据后面可知船长发现船在快速下沉，在名词选项可以看出horror是最为贴切的。

45． 【C9】

正确答案：G 解析：后文可得知人们都跳进了水中，可见大家是弃船逃生了，故选abandon ship。

46． 【C10】

正确答案：D 解析：一般在船沉没的时候，人们只能跳水逃生，在所有动词中，只有plunged可以与into搭配表示跳入水中。

Section B

Preparing for Computer Disasters SummaryA)When home office computers go down, many small businesses grind to a halt. Fortunately, taking steps to recover from disasters and minimize their effects is quite straightforward.B)Fires, power surges, and floods, they’re all facts of life. We read about them in the morning paper and see them on the evening news. We sympathize with the victims and commiserate over their bad luck. We also shake our heads at the digital consequences—melted computers, system failures, destroyed data. Yet, somehow, many of us continue to live by that old mantra of denial: “It won’t happen to me.” Well, the truth is, at some point you’ll probably have to deal with at least one disaster. That’ s just how it goes, and in most aspects of our lives we do something about it. We buy insurance. We stow away provisions. We even make disaster plans and run drills. But for some reason, computer disaster recovery is a blind spot for many of us. It shouldn’t be. Home computers contain some of our most important information, both business and personal, and making certain our data survives a disaster should be a priority. Moreover, even the smallest disaster can be a serious disruption. Personal computers have become an integral part of the smooth-running household. We use them to communicate, shop, and do homework, and they’re even more vital to home office users. When home office computers go down, many small businesses grind to a halt. Fortunately, taking steps to recover from disasters and minimize their effects is quite straightforward. With a good offsite storage plan and the right tools, you can bounce back quickly and easily from minor computer disasters. And, should a major calamity strike, you can rest assured your data is safe. Offsite Storage: Major DisastersC)House fires and floods are among the most devastating causes of personal computer destruction. That’s why a solid offsite backup and recovery plan is essential. Although many home users faithfully back up their hard drives, many would still lose all their data should their house flood our burn. That’s because they keep their backups in relatively close to their computers. Their backup disks might not be in the same room as their computers—tucked away in a closet or even the garage—but they’re not nearly far enough away should a serious disaster strike. So, it’s important to back up your system to a removable medium and to store it elsewhere.D)There are many ways to approach offsite storage. It starts with choice of backup tools and storage medium. Disaster situations are stressful, and your recovery tools shouldn’ t add to that stress. They must be dependable and intuitive, making it easy to schedule regular backups and to retrieve files in a pinch. They must also be compatible with your choice of backup medium. Depending on your tools, you can back up to a variety of durable disk types—from CDs to Jaz drives to remote network servers. Although many of these storage media have high capacity, a backup tool with compression capabilities is a big plus, eliminating the inconvenience of multiple disks or large uploads.E)Once you select your tools and a suitable medium, you need to find a remote place to store your backups. The options are endless. However, no matter where you choose, be sure the site is secure, easily accessible, and a good distance away from your home. You may also want to consider using an Internet-based backup

service. More and more service providers are offering storage space on their servers, and uploading files to a remote location has become an attractive alternative to conventional offsite storage. Of course, before using one of these services, make certain you completely trust the service provider and its security methods. Whatever you do, schedule backups regularly and store them far away from your home.Come What May: Handling the Garden Variety Computer CrisisF)Not all home computer damage results from physical disaster. Many less menacing problems can also hobble your PC or destroy your information. Systems crash, kids “rearrange” data, adults inadvertently delete files. Although these events might not seem calamitous, they can have serious implications. So, once again, it’ s important to be prepared. As with physical disasters, regular backups are essential. However, some of these smaller issues require a response that’ s more nu-anced than wholesale backup and restoration. To deal with less-than-total disaster, your tool set must be both powerful and agile. For example, when a small number of files are compromised, you may want to retrieve those files alone. Meanwhile, if just your settings are affected, you’ll want a simple way to roll back to your preferred setup. Yet, should your operating system fail, you’ll need a way to boot your computer and perform large-scale recovery. Computer crises come in all shapes and sizes, and your backup and recovery tools must be flexible enough to meet each challenge.The Right Tools for the Right Job: Gearing up for DisasterG)When disaster strikes, the quality of your backup tools can make the difference between utter frustration and peace of mind. Symantec understands this and offers a range of top quality backup and recovery solutions. Norton GoBack is the perfect tool for random system crashes, failed installations, and inadvertent deletions. With this powerful and convenient solution, it’ s simple to retrieve overwritten files or to bring your system back to its pre-crash state. Norton Ghost is a time-tested home office solution. Equipped to handle full-scale backups, it’s also handy for cloning hard drives and facilitating system upgrades. A favorite choice for IT professionals, it’ s the ideal tool for the burgeoning home office. You can buy Norton Ghost and Norton GoBack separately, or get them both when you purchase Norton System Works.H)Life’s disasters, large and small, often catch us by surprise. However, with a little planning and the right tools, you can reduce those disasters to bumps in the road. So, don’ t wait another day. Buy a good set of disaster recovery tools, set up an automatic backup schedule, and perform a dry run every now and again. Then, rest easy.

47． It’s necessary for us to back up our systems to some transferable medium and to put it somewhere else.

正确答案：C

解析：信息明示题。题干：把系统备份在一些可移动媒介上，放在其他地方是很有必要的。题干关键词backup our system和medium。文中C段第二句提到，这就是为什么一个可靠的外源存储备份和恢复计划是必要的。与题干意思吻合，故选C。

48． Not all damage of your computer caused by physical disaster.

正确答案：F

解析：信息明示题。题干：可以损害你的电脑不只是物理灾难。题干关键词physical disaster。文中F段第一句提到，不是所有的家用电脑损坏都是由物理灾难引起的。与题干意思吻合，故选F。

49． The quality of your backup tools determines whether you are frustrated or have a peaceful mind when disaster strikes.

正确答案：G

解析：信息明示题。题干：备份工具的质量，将会决定在灾难发生时，你是沮丧还是有一个平和的心态。题干关键词The quality，backup tools，frustrated和peaceful mind。文中G段第一句话提到，当灾难来袭时，你备份工具的质量可以决定你是完全的沮丧还是心态平和。与题干意思吻合，故选G。

50． For some reason, computer disaster recovery is always ignored by many of us.

正确答案：B

解析：信息明示题。题干：由于某些原因，我们经常忽略电脑灾难的恢复。题干关键词computer disaster recovery和many of us。文中B段中间一句有We even make disaster plans and nul drills．But for some reason，computer disaster recovery is a blind spot for many of us，即我们甚至会做出灾难计划并进行操练。但是由于某些原因。电脑灾难的恢复却成了一个盲点。与题干意思吻合，故选B。

51． Taking steps to recover from computer disasters can minimize bad effects.

正确答案：A

解析：信息明示题。题干：采取措施修复电脑灾难能够将不利影响降低到最低点。题干关键词take steps，recover from computer disasters和minimize their effects。文中A段第二句提到，幸运的是，采取措施恢复电脑。减少灾难的影响是非常简单的。与题干意思吻合，故选A。

52． House fires and floods are the most devastating causes of personal computer destruction.

正确答案：C

解析：信息明示题。题干：房子失火和水灾对个人电脑损害最大。题干关键词most devastating causes和housefires and floods。文中C段第一句提到，房子大火和水灾是引起个人电脑灾难中最具毁灭性的灾难。与题干意思吻合，故选C。

53． With a good offsite storage plan and the right tools, you can bounce back

quickly in minor computer disasters.

正确答案：B

解析：信息明示题。题干：有一个好的外源存储计划和恰当的工具，你能够快速地从一些小的电脑灾难中恢复过来。题干关键词bounce back quickly，offsite storage plan和the right tools。文中B段倒数第二句提到，有一个好的外源存储计划和正确的工具，你可以迅速轻易地从一些较小的电脑灾难中恢复。与题干意思吻合，故选B。

． Preparation for computer disasters should do from time to time.

正确答案：H

解析：信息明示题。题干：你应该随时准备应对电脑灾难。题干关键词preparation和your computer disasters。文中H段倒数第二句提到，买一个好的灾难恢复工具，设置一个自动备份计划，时不时地运行一下备份。与题干意思吻合，故选H。

55． Backup and recovery tools must be flexible enough to deal with various computer crises.

正确答案：F

解析：信息明示题。题干：备份和恢复软件应该足够灵活来应对各种电脑危机。题干关键词backup and recovery tools，flexible enough和computer crises。文中F段最后一句提到，电脑危机形式、规模多样，所以备份和恢复工具必须足够灵活来应对各种挑战。与题干意思吻合，故选F。

56． You should find a distant place to store your backups after selecting your tools and a suitable medium.

正确答案：E

解析：信息明示题。题干：在选择工具和合适的媒体之后，你应该选择一个远点的地方存储备份。题干关键词find a remote place和store your backups。文中E段第一句话提到，一旦你选择好了工具和合适的媒介，你需要找一个比较远的地方存储备份。与题干意思吻合，故选E。

Section C

Gestures aren’t the only area in which the unwary traveler can get tripped up. Foreign cultures adhere to different business customs and behavior. For example, Caffeine junkies should restrain themselves in the Middle East. “Three cups of tea or coffee is usually the polite limit in offices and during social calls,” counsels “Travel Pak,” a free publication of Alia, the Royal Jordanian Airline. “But if your host keeps going, you also may continue sipping. If you’ve had your fill, give your empty cup a quick twist a sort of wiggle—as you hand it back. That means “No more, thank you.”

Middle East visitors also should not be surprised “if others barge right into the office in the middle of your conversation with the person you are seeing,” notes “Travel Pak.” An old Arab custom calls for keeping an “open office.” The British, however, consider it impolite to interrupt a visitor, even after all business has been transacted. The commercial caller is expected to be sensitive to this point, know when to stop, and initiate his or her own departure. In Japan certain guests at evening business gatherings will leave early. They should be allowed to leave without effusive goodbyes. The Japanese consider formal departures to be disruptive in such cases and disturbing to remaining guests. In Scandinavia and Finland business guests may be asked to shed their clothes and join their hosts in a sauna. The invitation is a sign that a good working relationship has been established. In the Arab world, the word “no” must be mentioned three times before it is accepted. In contrast, it is considered good business manners to make many and long efforts to pick up the check. In the People’ s Republic of China, gift giving is considered an insult, says Patrick J. Lewis, President of Club Universe, a Los Angeles tour operator. “If you want to give someone a gift, make sure it’ s modest in value. This will not be considered offensive, but it may be declined,” The Chinese manner of expressing friendship and welcome is to clap. Lewis adds. “You may be greeted with clapping when entering a factory, hospital, commune, or school. Politeness dictates that you respond with applause, even though it may seem like you’ re clapping for yourself.”

57． In the Middle East, it is considered______. A．impolite to drink at least 3 cups of coffee

B．impolite to drink more than 3 cups of coffee unless your host drinks more C．polite to ask the host to give you as more as he can D．polite to leave a party as early as you want

正确答案：B 解析：细节题。短文第一段指出：《巴基斯坦之行》中有一条建议是Three cups of tea or coffee is usually thepolite limit in offices and during social calls．即三杯茶或咖啡是在办公室或社交拜访活动时的有礼貌的限度。故选项B正确。

58． In Japan, the guest at an evening party will______. A．leave early without saying goodbyes B．stay as long as he can

C．stay to have a swimming with the host D．present his business cards immediately

正确答案：A

解析：细节题。短文第二段指出In Japan certain guests at evening business gatherings will leave early．They shouldbe allowed to leave without effusive goodbyes．意为在日本，一些客人会在晚间的聚会上提前离开，并且不用说再见。故选项A正确。

59． In Finland, business guests may______. A．take flowers to the host

B．send an expensive gift to the host

C．have a swimming or sauna with the host D．present a business card

正确答案：C 解析：细节题。短文第二段最后指出In Finland business guests may be asked to shed their clothes and join theirhosts in a sauna．即在芬兰，商务客人会被要求脱掉衣服与主人一起洗桑拿。故选项C正确。

60． In China, a gift to the host means______. A．an attempt to praise the host B．a modest manner

C．a response of applause

D．offended action to the host’ s dignity

正确答案：D 解析：细节题。短文第三段指出In the People’s Republic of China，gift giving is considered an insult，即在中国，送礼会被认为是一种侮辱。故选项D正确。

61． Which of the following statement is NOT true according to the passage? A．Uninvited visitors are welcome in Middle Eastern office. B．In Britain, business visitors can stay as long as they like.

C．In China, people may greet a foreigner’ s entering a school with clapping. D．In the Arab world, saying “No” for 3 times until it is accepted.

正确答案：B

解析：细节题。由短文第二段开头Middle East visitors also should not be surprised…for keeping an“open of-rice．”可知选项A正确；由You may be greeted with clapping when entering a factory，hospital，commune，orschool．可知选项C正确；由In the Arab world，the word“no”must be mentioned three times before it is accepted．可知选项D正确。选项B与原文中表述The commercial caller is expected to be sensitive to this point，know when to stop，and initiate his or her own departure.不相符，故选B。

Teaching children to read well from the start is the most important task of elementary schools. But relying on educators to approach this task correctly can be a great mistake. Many schools continue to employ instructional methods that have been proven ineffective. The staying power of the “look-say” or “whole-word” method of teaching beginning reading is perhaps the most flagrant example of this failure to instruct effectively. The whole-word approach to reading stresses the meaning of words over the meaning of letters, thinking over decoding, developing a sight

vocabulary of familiar words over developing the ability to unlock the pronunciation of unfamiliar words. It fits in with the self-directed, “learning how to learn” activities recommended by advocates(倡导者)of “open” classrooms and with the concept that children have to be developmentally ready to begin reading. Before 1963, no major publisher put out anything but these “Run-Spot-Run” readers. However, in 1955, Rudolf Flesch touched off what has been called “the great debate” in beginning reading. In his best-seller Why Johnny Can’t Read, Flesch indicted(控诉)the nation’s public schools for miseducating students by using the look-say method. He said—and more scholarly studies by Jeane Chall and Rovert Dykstra later confirmed—that another approach to beginning reading, founded on phonics(语音学), is far superior. Systematic phonics first teaches children to associate letters and letter combinations with sounds; it then teaches them how to blend these sounds together to make words. Rather than building up a relatively limited vocabulary of memorized words, it imparts a code by which the pronunciations of the vast majority of the most common words in the English language can be learned. Phonics does not devalue the importance of thinking about the meaning of words and sentences; it simply recognizes that decoding is the logical and necessary first step.

62． The author feels that counting on educators to teach reading correctly is______.

A．only logical and natural B．the expected position C．probably a mistake

D．merely effective instruction

正确答案：C

解析：细节题。根据短文第一段的第二句话，其中的relying on educators与题干中的counting on educators是相同的意思。故选项C正确。

63． The author indicts the look-say reading approach because______. A．it overlooks decoding

B．Rudolf Flesch agrees with him C．he says it is boring

D．many schools continue to use this method

正确答案：A

解析：细节题。第一段的最后一句指出“边看边说”(look-say method)或“全词法”(whole-word method)的阅读教学方法是失败的，接着第二段分析了这种方法失败的原因，是因为它“stresses the meaning of words overthe meaning of letters，thinking over decoding…”即过多地强调了词的含义。故选项A正确。

． One major difference between the “look-say” method of learning reading and the phonics method is______.

A．look-say is simpler

B．phonics takes longer to learn C．look-say is easier to teach

D．phonics gives readers access to far more words

正确答案：D

解析：细节题。文章在最后一段谈到了系统声学法(systematic phonics)，并分析了这种教学法的好处，由该段的第二句话“Rather than building up a relatively limited vocabulary of memorized words，it imparts a code bywhich the pronunciations of the vast majority of the most common words in the English language can be learned．”可知这种方法能使学习者获得更大的词汇量。故选项D正确。

65． The phrase “touch off’(Line 1, Para 3)most probably means______. A．talk about shortly B．start or cause C．compare with D．oppose

正确答案：B

解析：含义题。本题要求利用上下文猜测单词的意思。根据第二段的最后一句，在1963年以前，出版的东西都是教授使用whole word的方法的，紧接着用了转折词However，说在1955年，Rudolf Flesch“touched off”一场争论，因此此处的touch off必然是“引起”的意思。故选项B正确。

66． According to the author, which of the following statements is true? A．Phonics approach regards whole word method as unimportant. B．The whole word approach emphasizes decoding.

C．In phonics approach, it is necessary and logical to employ decoding.

D．Phonics is superior because it stresses the meaning of words thus the vast majority of most common words can be learned.

正确答案：C

解析：推断题。从第二段中综合出“whole word”阅读方法的特点：强调单词的意思；由此即可知B、D是错的；在文章的最后一句话，作者指出Phonics does not devalue the importance of thinking about the meaning ofwords and sentences，所以A也是不对的。故选项C正确。

Part Ⅳ Translation

67． 约翰与帕特里克?克里森(Patrick Collison)创建在线支付公司Stripe时，有一个雄心勃勃的目标。那就是帮助全球所有商家与全球所有买家轻松完成交易。本周二，Stripe在其服务中加入了支付宝账户付款这个选项，朝着实现这个愿景迈出了‘一大步。该举措将使几亿中国网民能与几千家使用Stripe的商家做生意，也将帮助Stripe与贝宝(PayPal)的在线支付平台Braintree展开竞争。

正确答案： When John and Patrick Collison founded the online payment company Stripe, they had an ambitious goal. It is to make it easy for all the sellers and buyers in the world to do business. This Tuesday, Stripe took a big step toward that goal by integrating Alipay into its services. This move will allow hundreds of millions of Chinese Internet users to do business with thousands of merchants who use Stripe. It will also help Stripe in the competition with PayPal’s online payment platform Braintree.

解析： 1．“创建”：译为found。其过去式和过去分词均为founded。 2．“全球所有商家与全球所有买家”：译为all thesellers and buyers in the world。汉语多重复，译为英语时可省掉重复的部分，如本句中两次出现的“全球所有”。 3．“在A中加入B”：可译为integrate B into A。如：The committee integrated some of the suggestions into itsplan．意为“该委员会将部分建议纳入了它的计划。” 4．“几亿”：译为hundreds of millions。