第2()卷筇5期 20 年1 0月 工 程 设 计 学 报 Chinese Journal of Engineering Design Vo【.2O NO.5 ()ct.2013 D()I:10.s785/j.issn.1006—754X.201 3.05.01l 基于有限元的半挂牵引车车架疲劳寿命分析 李成林 ,韩振南 霍俊杰 ,宋莎莎 ,(1.太原理工大学机械T程学院,山西太原030024;2 神华北电胜利能源有限公司,内蒙古锡林浩特026015) 摘要:为 r解决半挂牵引车车架经常出现裂纹甚至断裂这一问题,对车架进行疲劳寿命分析,确定容易 现疲劳 破坏的位置.利用ANSYS建 了车架有限元模型并分析了静、动态特性,基于疲劳可靠性理论,通过FE SAFE软 件对有限元分析结果进行了疲劳寿命分析,查看疲劳寿命云图和安全系数云图,确定车架容易出现疲劳破坏的位 置.研究表明半挂牵引车车架纵梁的牵引座附近容易 现疲劳破坏.提出了车架疲劳寿命分析的新方法和新途径, 为车架结构优化设计提供了理论依据. 关键词:车架;疲劳寿命;有限元;FE SAFE 中图分类号:U 469.6 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1。【]6 754x(20l 3)05—041 4—05 Fatigue life analysis of semi—trailer frame based on FEM LI Cheng—lin ,HAN Zhen—nan ,HUO J un—jie ,S()NG Sha—sha (1.School of Mechanical Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China; 2.Shenhua Beidian Shengli Energy Co.,I td.,Xilinhot 02601 5,China) Abstract:In order to study cracks and fractures which often appear on semi—trailer frame,we im plement fatigue life analysis and locate fatigue—failure position of semi—trailer frame.The finite el— cment model of semi—trailer frame was established。static and dynamic characteristics were ana— lyzed by ANSYS software.Based on the fatigue theory of reliability and the above FEM results, the fatigue life of frame was analyzed by FE—SAFE.Then the fatigue failure position of the frame was located and showed by checking fatigue life nephogram and safety factor nephogram. Fhe re search results show that the longitudinal—beam near fifth—wheel in frame often has fatigue—failure. We supply a new method for frame of fatigue life analysis and provide a theoretical basis for frame Of design optimization. Key words:frame;fatigue life;FEM;FE—SAFE 汽车车架在行驶过程中不仅要承受自身和货物 (包括人)的重量,还要承受路面载荷和发动激励 . 汽车车架的疲劳分析是现代汽车设计的关键内容之 ,荷分析确定了疲劳寿命分析方法,利用ANSYS软 件对半挂牵引车车架进行了静态和动态分析;再利 用FE—SAFE软件对有限元静态分析结果进行了疲 近年来,国内外研究人员对此作了大量的研究, 劳寿命分析计算,之后得出了疲劳寿命分析结果,确 定车架疲劳破坏的位置;同时根据该型半挂牵引车 实际运行情况,校核疲劳破坏位置和寿命,为未来汽 车车架的疲劳寿命分析提供新的分析路径和更加可 靠的理论依据. 主要是对汽车的疲劳寿命进行了理论分析,采用多 体动力学方法和MSC.Fatigue软件相结合对车架 进行了有限元疲劳寿命计算分析 .而本文对半挂 牵引牟车架材料的S一』\,曲线和实际运行工况进行 了分析,确定该车架的疲劳类型,通过对该车架的载 收稿日期:201 3 O3 28. 基金项目:围家 然科学基金资助项目(50775157);山西省高等学校留学回国人员科研资助项目(201l l 2). 作者简介:李成林(1 988一),男,tt¥ ̄-fA,硕士生,从事车辆现代设计理论与方法研究,E mail:lichenglin8828@1 26・com 通信联系人:韩振南,男,教授,博十生导师,E mail:zhennan—han@hotrnail.con1. ・ 426 ・ ]:程设计学报 第2O卷 Olu J ing,I.IU Guan—j un,YANG Peng,et a1.Materiel T业出版社,2006:1一l3. KANG Rui,SHI Rong—de.The FMECA technology and testability model and design technologies[M].Beijing: Science Press,2012:l1 12. its application[M].Beijing:National Defence Industry Press,2006:l l 3. [13]康锐,石荣德.FMECA技术及其应用[M].北京:国防 (上接第418页) I IU Jing.Fatigue reliability analysis of a special vehicle 学院,2009:24 52. ZHANG Peng.Fatigue life estimate and fraeture safety frame[D].Nanjing:Naniing University of Science and Technology,School of Mechanical Engineering,2007: 40—58. evaluation of bolster for the 30t axle load bogie[D].Bei Jing:Beijing Jiaotong University,School of Mechanical Electronic and Control Engineering,2009:24 52. [7]匡霞.CA612OU22DI型客车车架的随机振动和疲劳分 析[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨T程大学机电工程学院,2009: 57—51. [1 O]高品,宋健,张步良,等.基于MSC.Fatigue的汽车 动 桥壳疲劳寿命预估[J].¨I 程设计学报,2007,14(3): 210 214. KUANG Xia.Stochastic vibration and fatigue analysis of frame for modal CA612OU22DI bus[D].Harbin:Har bin Engineering University,School of Electromechanical Engineering,2009:57—71. GAO Jing,SONG Jian,ZHANG Bu bang.et a1.Pre diction on fatigue life of vehicle S driving axle house based on MSC.Fatigue[J].Chinese Journal of Engineer— ing Design.2007,14(3):210 21 4. [8]傅志方.振动模态分析与参数识别[M].上海 上海交通 大学出版社,1989:25 260. FU Zhi fang.Vibration modal analysis and parameter i [11]郑修麟,吕宝桐,凌超,等.关于疲劳累积损伤定则[J]. 航空学报,1993,14(10):484 489. ZHEN Xiu—lin.I U Bao—tong,I IN(;-Chao,et a1. I'he dentification[M ̄.Shanghai:Shanghai J iaotong Universi~ ty Press,1989:25 260. rule of cumulative fatigue damage[J].Acta Aeronautica Et Astronautica Sinica,1993,14(10):484—489. [9]张鹏.30t重货车转向架摇枕的疲劳寿命估算及断裂安 全性评价[D].北京:北京交通大学机械与电子控制T程