2019年高考英语全国二卷真题

〖解密〗2019年高考英语全国II卷真题解析

试卷导航 语篇 话题 体裁 应用文 词数 236+ =300 难度 易 阅读理解A 人与社会： 好书介绍 阅读理解B 人与自然： 志愿者 阅读理解C 人与社会： 独自用餐 阅读理解D 人与自然： 美国国家航空航天局HUNCH计划 阅读七选五 人与自我： 动机与设定目标 完形填空 人与社会： 帮助素不相识的人找回丢失的宠物狗 语法填空 人与社会： 90岁高龄的Irene因一直坚

夹叙夹议 310+128=438 中 说明文 298+126=424 中 说明文 263+115=378 中 说明文 273+61=334 中 记叙文 281 中 记叙文 （人物报道） 1

207 易 持工作而被评为Woman Of The Year 短文改错 人与自我： “我”希望未来从事的职业及原因 书面表达 人与社会： 告知信

试题解读 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

My Favourite Books

Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series (系列) of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads. Matilda Roald Dahl

I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl’s writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful

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记叙文 106 中 应用文 100（左右） 中

worlds. Matilda’s battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress, Miss Trunchbull, are equally funny and frightening, but they’re also aspirational. After Dark

Haruki Murakami

It’s about two sisters – Eri, a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student. In trying to connect to her sister, Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse “night people” who are hiding secrets. Gone Girl Gillian Fynn

There was a bit of me that didn’t want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the horror story is brilliant. There’s tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. It’s a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise what’s going on is horribly enjoyable. The Stand Stephen King

This is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around. After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the world’s population, a battle unfolds between good and evil among those left. Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever. 21. Who does “I” refer to in the text?

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A. Stephen King. C. Jo Usmar.

B. Gillian Flynn. D. Roald Dahl.

22. Which of the following tells about Mari and Eri? A. Cosmopolitan. C. After Dark.

B. Matilda. D. The Stand.

23. What kind of book is Gone Girl? A. A folk tale. C. A love story.

B. A biography. D. A horror story.

语篇解读 关键词 top reads 主旨概要 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了作家Jo Usmar选出的四本好书。 百科知识 1. Cosmopolitan：美国版时尚杂志，是世界上销售规模最大的年轻女性杂志。 2. Roald Dahl：罗尔德·达尔（1916年9月13日—1990年11月23日），英国杰出的儿童文学作家、剧作家和短篇小说作家。 3. Haruki Murakami：村上春树，日本现代著名小说家，亦擅长美国文学的翻译。 4. Gillian Flynn：吉莉安·弗琳，美国编剧、制片人。 5. Stephen King：斯蒂芬·金，美国作家，编写过剧本、专栏评论，曾担任电影导演、制片人以及演员。 语言知识

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重难点词 pick 挑选；top（非正式）很好的；（a good / interesting）read（好的 / 有意思的）书（或文章等）；equally 同样地；diverse 各种各样的；fantasy n幻想；around adv 现有 构词法 合成词： lifestyle 生活方式，工作方式（名词 + 名词）; headmistress（尤指私立学校的）校长（名词 + 名词）； outbreak 爆发（副词 + 动词）； storyteller 故事（或小说）作者（名词 + 名词） 派生词： co-author 合著者（前缀co-“和……一起”）； appreciation 理解，认识（名词后缀-tion “……的状态”）； delightful 令人愉快的（形容词后缀-ful“充满……的”）； bossy专横的（形容词后缀-y“有……特质的”）； aspirational 渴望成功的（形容词后缀-al“有……特性”）； tension 矛盾（名词后缀-sion“……的状态”）; anxiety 焦虑（名词后缀-ty“……的状态”）； frustration 受挫（名词后缀-tion“……的状态”）； unfold 发生（否定前缀un-“不；表示相反的动作”） 其他： whodunit n（非正式用语）是Who done it?的变体，意为“（在结尾才知道谁是谋杀犯的）侦探小说 / 戏剧”。 重难点词块 fairy tale童话；battle for争夺；folk tale 民间故事 / 传说；

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horror story 恐怖故事；wipe out彻底毁灭；good and evil 善与恶 长难句分析 There was a bit of me that didn’t want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the horror story is brilliant. 句意为：过去虽然其他人都喜欢恐怖小说，但是我有点不太喜欢。不过，这本恐怖小说倒是很出色。句中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词me；when引导让步状语从句，相当于although。 It’s a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise what’s going on is horribly enjoyable. 句意为：它的情节扑朔迷离，当你意识到发生了什么时，沮丧就会成为一种可怕的享受。句中 when 引导的时间状语从句前置于主句的表语之前，正常语序为：the frustration is horribly enjoyable when you realise what’s going on. 答案与解析

21. C 推理判断题 根据第一段及该段最后一句Here she picks her top reads.可知，下文介绍作家Jo Usmar选出的最好的读物，所以下文中的“I”指的是Jo Usmar。

22. C 事实细节题 根据After Dark的相关内容中It’s about two sisters — Eri，a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping，and Mari, a young student.可知答案。

23. D 事实细节题 根据Gone Girl的相关内容中There was a bit of me that didn’t want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the horror

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story is brilliant. 可知答案。

B

“You can use me as a last resort (选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids’ lacrosse (长曲棍球) club.

I guess that there’s probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on. At this point the unwilling parent speaks up, “Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.”

I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.

Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community (社区) as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy.

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Volunteering just feels so good.

In that sense, I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to admit. However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies? 24. What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph 1?

A. She knows little about the club. B. She isn’t good at sports.

C. She just doesn’t want to volunteer. D. She’s unable to meet her schedule.

25. What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean?

A. Encourage teamwork. C. Promote good deeds.

B. Appeal to feelings. D. Provide advice.

26. What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3?

A. She gets interested in lacrosse. B. She is proud of her kids. C. She’ll work for another season. D. She becomes a good helper.

27. Why does the author like doing volunteer work? A. It gives her a sense of duty. B. It makes her very happy. C. It enables her to work hard. D. It brings her material rewards.

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语篇解读 关键词 volunteer, unwilling, joy, a selfish act, benefit, reward 主旨概要 本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，讲述了作者成功说服一位本不愿意参与志愿者工作的家长参加长曲棍球社团的志愿者活动的过程，并且这位家长后来成为这个团队中有力的帮手。同时阐述了作者在参与志愿者活动过程中获得了很多快乐，这让其他人受益，同时自己也获得了回报。 原文出处 选自The Week，名为I’m addicted to volunteering. Is that selfish?的文章。 https://theweek.com/articles/692618/im-addicted-volunteering-that-selfish 语言知识 重难点词 demanding adj（工作）要求高的；coach v（对体育运动、工作或技能进行） 训练，培训，指导 (名词动词化)；power 影响力；end-of-season adj赛季末的；invaluable 极有价值的；bloodthirsty 嗜血成性的（此处是比喻的用法，比喻孩子们很渴）；still（句子副词）虽然如此，然而；freely 自愿地，直率地；pretty adv非常 重难点词块 put out 公布；step up 走上前去；tug at the heartstrings 触动心弦；single parent 单亲； at this

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point 这时；speak up 明确表态；along the way 一路过来；end up 最终成为；off the hook 脱离困境； hand out 分发； come to a close 结束； couple sth with sth 把某事与某事连接起来；appeal to 打动 长难句分析 I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on. 句意为：我说起一位负责该活动的单亲家长，他有四个孩子；也谈到一位爸爸，即便他儿子没在那个球队，也给该球队执教。running the show作后置定语，修饰parent；coaching a team作后置定语，修饰dad；that引导定语从句，修饰team。 I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. 句意为：我暗自欣慰，因为我知道把志愿者责任感分享给许多人会有真正的影响力。 That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. 句意为：在欣慰的同时，也深刻理解了为什么同一拨人会不断回来参与更多的活动：当你自愿地提供时间、金钱、技能或服务时，参与社区活动会

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给予真正的快乐。why引导宾语从句，作of的宾语；Connecting to the community作主语，provides a real joy作谓语，as引导时间状语从句。 In that sense, I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to admit. 句意为：从那个角度说，我很确信志愿服务是一种自私的行为，但我不愿承认这一点。 However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies? 句意为：然而，如果其他人在这个过程中受益，我也得到了一些回报，我的动机是什么重要吗？if引导状语从句，主句为does it really matter where my motivation lies。it是形式主语，指代where my motivation lies。

24. C 推理判断题 根据第一段的You can use me as a last resort, and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.可知，这位家长说如果其他人都不愿意做志愿者的工作，她会做这份工作，作者可以把她当作最后的备选。言外之意就是她不愿意做志愿者的工作。

25. B 词义猜测题 heartstrings是由heart + strings组成，可知此短语与心情有关。由上文可知，作者猜测这位家长对于参与一项不熟悉的运动可能有一些顾虑，作者需要说服她。由I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids

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aren’t even on.可知，作者提到了一位有四个孩子的单亲家长负责该活动；一位爸爸即便自己孩子没有加入球队，也给该球队执教。由此可猜测出作者是想从感情上打动这位家长。

26. D 事实细节题 根据第三段的Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team.可知，这位家长后来成为社团里的一个有力帮手。

27. B 事实细节题 根据第四段的Connecting to the community as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.可知，做志愿者使作者很快乐。

C

Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach’s Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel’s “me” time. And like more Americans, she’s not alone.

A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half (53 percent) have breakfast alone and nearly half (46 percent) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report.

“I prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know?” Bechtel said, looking up from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized.

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“Today, I just wanted some time to myself,” she said.

Just two seats over, Andrew Mazoleny, a local videographer, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he’s on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction (交流). “I reflect on how my day’s gone and think about the rest of the week,” he said. “It’s a chance for self-reflection. You return to work recharged and with a plan.”

That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn’t feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology,” said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the report.

28. What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?

A. Food variety.

B. Eating habits. D. Restaurant service.

C. Table manners.

29. Why does Bechtel prefer to go out for lunch?

A. To meet with her coworkers. B. To catch up with her work. C. To have some time on her own. D. To collect data for her report. 30. What do we know about Mazoleny?

A. He makes videos for the bar.

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B. He’s fond of the food at the bar. C. He interviews customers at the bar. D. He’s familiar with the barkeeper. 31. What is the text mainly about?

A. The trend of having meals alone. B. The importance of self-reflection. C. The stress from working overtime. D. The advantage of wireless technology.

语篇解读 关键词 eat alone 主旨概要 本文是一篇说明文。据统计越来越多的美国人喜欢独自用餐，并通过两个实例加以说明，文章最后一段总结了人们选择独自用餐的原因。 原文出处 http://feastpb.blog.palmbeachpost.com/2015/09/18/why-more-americans-are-eating-alone/ West Palm Beach:西棕榈滩,美国佛罗里达州东南部疗养城市。人口6.2万，大市区57.3万（1980）。与其东侧棕榈百科知识 滩隔沃斯湖相望，有大桥相通。13年作为棕榈滩的商业 区而兴建。但自卡纳维拉尔角设立肯尼迪宇航中心以来，航空、电子零件研制也日益发展。 语言知识 重难点词 but 除……之外；dinnertime 正餐时间（英美国家通常为

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晚餐时间）；statistics 统计数据（学术词）；coworker 同事（构词法：co-和……在一起）；escape暂时的解脱，消遣（熟词生义）；barkeeper酒吧老板或服务员；self-reflection自省，自我反思；recharge[非正式]恢复体力 / 精力 重难点词块 None of your business!不关你的事，别管闲事；prefer to do sth 更喜欢做某事；chat sb up 亲昵地攀谈，与某人搭讪; be on a first-name basis关系密切直呼其名; reflect on / upon sth 认真思考某事；keep sb company陪伴某人 长难句分析 Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore，74 percent，according to statistics from the report. 句意为：有74%的人只在晚餐时间才一起吃饭。only+状语放在句首，强调时间状语，其后习惯上用部分倒装。正确语序是We are eating together only at dinnertime anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report. 写作句型 1. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report. 2. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. 3. It doesn’t feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology. 答案与解析

28. B 推理判断题 第二段内容中提到，一份新的报告发现，46%的情况下美国人都是独自用餐的。超过半数（53%）的人独自吃早餐，近一半（46%）

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人独自吃午餐。有74%的人只在晚餐时间才一起吃饭。由此可见，这项报告的统计数据是关于人们的饮食习惯，即许多人喜欢独自用餐。

29. C 事实细节题 第三段中提到，午餐时间的休息可以让Bechtel不受老板差遣，回到工作岗位时也能精力充沛。第三段最后一句话表明Bechtel想给自己一些时间，因此Bechtel更愿意在外面吃午餐是因为她想要有自己的时间。

30. D 事实细节题 第四段中提到，Mazoleny喜欢安静地坐着看手机，也会和酒吧老板直呼其名，亲切地聊会天。on a first-name basis意为“关系密切直呼其名”。由此可知，Mazoleny与酒吧老板熟识。

31. A 主旨大意题 本文通过一份报告的统计数据和两个实例说明美国人喜欢独自用餐的趋势，并在文章最后一段提出人们选择独自用餐的原因。因此A项正确。

D

Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms (微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem? It’s turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.

HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon’s students have been studying

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ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they’re close to a solution (解决方案). “We don’t give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers,” says Florence Gold, a project manager.

“There are no tests,” Gordon says. “There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than ‘Are you working towards your goal?’ Basically, it’s ‘I’ve got to produce this product and then, at the end of the year, present it to NASA.’ Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and…it’s not a very nice thing at times. It’s a hard business review of your product.”

Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact (影响) on college admissions and practical life skills. “These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don’t teach.” And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.

32. What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station? A. They are hard to get rid of. B. They lead to air pollution. C. They appear in different forms. D. They damage the instruments.

33. What is the purpose of the HUNCH program? A. To strengthen teacher-student relationships. B. To sharpen students’ communication skills. C. To allow students to experience zero gravity.

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D. To link space technology with school education.

34. What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program? A. Check their product. C. Adjust work schedules.

B. Guide project designs. D. Grade their homework.

35. What is the best title for the text? A. NASA: The Home of Astronauts B. Space: The Final Homework Frontier C. Nature: An Outdoor Classroom D. HUNCH: A College Admission Reform

语篇解读 关键词 bacteria, NASA, HUNCH, student, engineer, product, solution 主旨概要 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国国家航空航天局的HUNCH计划。参与这项计划的高中生制作供美国国家航空航天局使用的产品，此计划的目的是把航天技术与学校教育结合起来，这项计划对学生的大学录取和实用生活技能都会产生影响。 百科知识 International Space Station：国际空间站，是一个由六个国际主要太空机构联合推进的国际合作计划。这六个太空机构分别是美国国家航空航天局（NASA）、俄罗斯联邦航天局（RKA）、欧洲航天局（ESA）、日本宇宙航空研究开发机构（JAXA）、加拿大国家航天局（CSA）和巴西航天局（AEB）。

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NASA：全称National Aeronautics and Space Administration，美国国家航空航天局，又称美国宇航局、美国太空总署，是美国联邦的一个行政性科研机构，负责制定、实施美国的太空计划，并开展航空科学暨太空科学的研究。 原文出处 选自美国《新闻周刊》Newsweek，2017年4月29日名为Space: The Final Homework Frontier的文章。 https://www.newsweek.com/science-nasa-education-high-school-science-fairs-teenagers-591991 语言知识 重难点词 uncontrollably 无法控制地（构词法）；overcome 克服，解决；lead 领导，率领；like prep 例如（熟词生义）；break n 休假（熟词生义）；basically 总的说来；present vt 提交；in-person adj亲自的；review n 审查，评审（熟词生义） ready vt 做好……的准备（形容词动词化）；workable 可行的 重难点词块 turn to 向……求助；a bunch of（非正式）一群；depend on 依靠； connect ... with ... （使）连接；be close to 接近于；other than除……以外；at times有时；be absorbed in 全神贯注于；sit back袖手旁观 长难句分析 It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school class, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York. 句意

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为：它（美国国家航空航天局）在依靠NASA HUNCH 高中班，如在纽约费尔波特的费尔波特高中由理科老师吉恩戈登和唐娜·希梅尔伯格率领的NASA HUNCH 高中班。science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词the one, one指代NASA HUNCH high school class，关系代词that在定语从句中做lead的宾语。 写作句型 ... has an impact on college admissions and practical life skills.

答案与解析

32. A 推理判断题 根据第一段第二句The microorganisms from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. 可知，国际空间站里宇航员自身携带的微生物会变得无法控制，宇航员们每周要花费数小时清理这些微生物，由此可推断出，国际空间站里的细菌很难清除。

33. D 事实细节题 根据第二段第一句HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. 可知，HUNCH计划的目的是把航天技术与学校教育结合起来。

34. A 事实细节题 根据第三段最后两句Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and…it’s not a very nice thing at times. It’s a hard business review of your product.可知，美国国家航空航天局的工程师们会亲

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自审查学生们制作的产品。

35. B 主旨大意题 文章以国际空间站里的微生物很难清除开头，引出宇航员们解决此问题的途径——借助美国国家航空航天局的HUNCH高中班，此计划的目的是把航天技术与学校教育结合起来。在这项计划里，学生们通过homework（制作供美国国家航空航天局使用的产品）探索无疆的太空，因此“太空：最后的功课疆域”最适合做文章的标题。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question: “Should I jump?” This is what motivation or the lack

of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of the same coin. 36 Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.

37 More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc. Only then should you set your goals.

You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. 38 So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity (清晰) of thoughts can help you move forward.

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Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. 39 They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.

Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 40 You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.

You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.

A. This can affect your work.

B. So how should you motivate yourself? C. However, this should not discourage you. D. So why should we try to set specific goals? E. They can change according to circumstances. F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job. G. Without motivation, you can neither set a goal nor reach it.

语篇解读 关键词 主旨概要

motivation, goal 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了动机和目标的关系以及如22

何激发动机并设定切实可行的目标。 语言知识 重难点词 strength 优点；weakness 缺点；commitment投入；objective 目标；circumstance 情况；discourage 使沮丧 重难点词块 a diving board 跳水板；two sides of the same coin 同一事物的两个方面；stay undecided 犹豫不决；more than that 不仅如此，更重要的是；stay motivated 保持积极性；achieve the goal 实现目标；set your goals 设定目标；be directly related to 与……直接相关；your heart is not in sth 对某事不太感兴趣；keep ... in mind 牢记……；personal circumstances 个人情况；equally important 同等重要；a fresh goal 新目标 长难句分析 Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. 句意为：设定现实目标的另一种方法是，牢记你的信仰、价值观和优势的同时分析你的短期和长期目标。keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths是现在分词短语作伴随状语。 写作句型 1. There are times when your heart is not in your work. 2. Only then should you set your goals. 3. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals. 23

答案与解析

36. G 空白处前一句Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of the same coin，讲的是动机和设定目标的关系，而后一句提到“像跳板上拿不定主意的孩子一样”，由此可知，G项符合语境，即没有动机也就无法设定目标。

37. B 上一段阐述了动机和设定目标的关系，强调了动机的重要性，本段进一步讲如何激励自己并保持动力来实现目标。B项So how should you motivate yourself?起到承上启下的作用。

38. A 空白处前一句There are times when your heart is not in your work，讲的是“你对工作不太感兴趣”，这当然会影响你的工作，可知A项符合上下文语境。

39. E 空白处前一句Remember that goals are flexible，提到目标是灵活的，E项They can change according to circumstances与之相呼应，故答案为E项。

40. C 空白处之前讲的是个人情况对目标的影响，比如视力不好决定了你当不了飞行员。C项However, this should not discourage you符合语境，起到承上启下的作用。

第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分45分) 第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

It’s about 250 miles from the hills of west-central Iowa to Ehlers’ home in Minnesota. During the long trip home, following a weekend of hunting,

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Ehlers 41 about the small dog he had seen 42 alongside the road. He had 43 to coax (哄) the dog to him but, frightened, it had 44 .

Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that 45 dog. So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the two drove 46 . After a long and careful 47 , Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving 48 away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with 49 . It just started licking (舔) Ehlers’ face.

A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one 50 as lost in the local paper. The ad had a 51 number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers 52 the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had 53 their dog.

Jeff had in Iowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched 55 for Rosie in the next four days.

Ehlers returned to Minnesotan, and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan. “It’s good to know there’s still someone out there who 56 enough to go to that kind of 57 ,” says Lisa of Ehlers’ rescue 58 .

“I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as 59 to it as I am to my dogs,” says Ehlers. “If it had been my dog, I’d hope that somebody would be 60 to go that extra mile.” 41. A. read 42. A. fighting

B. forgot C. thought C. eating

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D. heard D. sleeping

B. trembling

43. A. tried B. agreed

C. promised B. stood up D. run off C. lost C. back

D. regretted

44. A. calmed down C. rolled over 45. A. injured 46. A. home

B. stolen B. past

D. rescued D. on D. search D. angrily D. anxiety D. recorded D. car

D. remembered D. cured D. worked D. in vain D. learns D. extreme D. team D. close D. willing

47. A. preparation B. explanation C. test 48. A. cautiously 49. A. surprise 50. A. predicted 51. A. house 52. A. called 53. A. fed

B. casually B. joy

C. skillfully C. hesitation C. believed C. street C. counted C. found C. lived

B. advertised B. phone B. copied B. adopted B. skied

. A. hunted

55. A. on purpose 56. A. cares 57. A. place 58. A. service 59. A. equal 60. A. suitable

B. on time B. sees

C. in turn C. suffers C. waste C. effort C. grateful C. wise

B. trouble B. plan

B. allergic B. proud

语篇解读 关键词 主旨概要

dog, lost, search Ehlers在打猎时在路边发现了一只走丢的小狗，他试图哄它26

到自己身边来，未能成功。回家后，Ehlers还是很担心这只小狗。四天后他和朋友又出去找到了这只小狗，并且联系上了它的主人。 原文出处 语言知识 重难点词 follow在……后发生；tremble v 颤抖，哆嗦；trouble使忧虑；cautiously 小心地，谨慎地；care 担忧；trouble 麻烦；figure[非正式]认为，以为 重难点词块 succeed in doing sth 做成某事；sound like看起来像；in vain白费力气；in the next four days 在接下来的四天里；go to that kind of trouble费那功夫；go that extra mile孜孜以求 写作句型 If it had been my dog, I’d hope that somebody would be willing to go that extra mile. 答案与解析

41. C 第一段最后一句 to coax the dog to him but, frightened, …提到了小

狗，说明在打猎回家的路上，Ehlers想起了他在路边看到过的那只小狗。

42. B 根据第一段最后一句话中的frightened可知，小狗见到打猎的Ehlers

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时很害怕，由此可推知当时小狗见到猎人受到惊吓而发抖，所以选trembling。

43. A 根据第二段Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him

可知，这一次Ehlers试图（tried）把小狗哄到他身边来，但是没有成功。 44. D but表示转折，说明Ehlers没能把小狗哄到他身边来。小狗跑掉了（run

off）。

45. C 小狗自己跑掉了，不知去向，所以选lost。

46. C 根据第二段第一句Back home可知，Ehlers已经回到了家中。再根据

Greg saw, across a field, the dog … 可推测Ehlers又和他的朋友Greg开车返回到小狗出现过的地方去找它。

47. D 根据下文Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving …可知，Greg发现了

小狗。所以空白处应填search。

48. A 根据第二段倒数第二句中的Nervousness和fear可知，小狗刚开始感 到紧张和害怕，所以它应该是很谨慎小心地离开了。

49. B 空白处下一句It just started licking Ehlers’ face（小狗开始舔Ehlers的

脸）说明小狗见到Ehlers很高兴，之前的紧张和害怕都没有了。 50. B 根据第三段第二句The ad had a …可知选advertised。

51. B 根据下文to tell them he had …可知，广告上有电话号码，Ehlers才能

告诉Jeff和Lisa关于狗的消息。

52. A 根据下文to tell them he had …可知，Ehlers给Jeff and Lisa打了电话。 53. C 根据第二段的内容可知，Ehlers和他的朋友Greg找到了小狗，所以选

found。

. A 根据下文but the gun shots had scared the dog off 中的gun shots可知，

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Jeff在感恩节前带着他的小狗Rosie一起打猎。

55. D 小狗Rosie是Ehlers和他的朋友Greg找到的。小狗的主人Jeff曾经找过

它，但是没有找到，所以选in vain（白费力气）。

56. A 根据文章第二段第一句话Ehlers was troubled by …以及四天后他又

和朋友Greg一起去寻找那只小狗，说明Ehlers非常担心这只小狗。 57. B Ehlers已经回到了家里，但是还是很担心小狗，决定和朋友一起出去

寻找小狗，经过长时间的仔细寻找，终于找到了那只小狗。trouble意为“麻烦；额外的努力”符合语境。

58. C Ehlers第一次见到小狗时，想哄它到自己身边来，没有成功。过了几

天，又专门和朋友返回去寻找，终于找到了它，整个过程很费心，所以选effort。

59. D 根据I am to my dogs可知选close。狗和主人的关系都是很亲密的，因

此Ehlers认为不管是谁丢失了小狗Rosie，他们可能都与小狗Rosie的关系很亲密，就像他和自己的狗一样。

60. D Ehlers发自内心地关心走丢了的小狗Rosie，并且花了一番功夫终于找

到了它。因此Ehlers希望如果有一天他的狗走丢了，他也希望有人能像他那样心甘情愿地、不怕麻烦地去寻找他的狗。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 61 (be) Britain’s oldest full-time employee — still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, 62 she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of

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hard work have 63 (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year.

Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene (declare) she had no plans 65 (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, “I don’t see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66 (make) over the years. I work not because I have to, 67 because I want to.”

Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31 — who works alongside her in the family business — said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, “We don’t have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call 68 (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was 69 joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It’s 70 (wonder).” 出处：

https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/pet-shop-worker-90-britains-10316695

考点分布：

有提示词 谓语非谓词性名词代无提示词 比较冠词 介词 定从 名从 状从 并列 动词 语动转换 单复词 级 词

数 30

2 3 2 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 答案与解析

61. being 介词后应用动词的-ing形式作宾语。

62. which which引导非性定语从句，解释说明先行词the pet shop，which在从句中作opened的宾语。

63. finally 此处应用副词作状语，修饰谓语动词。

. declared Irene的领奖发言是过去发生的事，另根据此空白处后面的过去式had和下文Irene said可知，此处用declare的过去式。 65. to retire 名词plan后接不定式作后置定语。

66. have made over the years常与完成时连用，在此意为“（从过去某时到现在的）多年来”。根据主句谓语动词love的时态可知，定语从句的谓语动词make应用现在完成式。

67. but 与前面的not一起构成not … but句型，该句型意为“不是……而是……”。

68. saying saying she was short-listed为动词-ing短语，在此作call的后置定语，相当于定语从句which says … ;名词call与动词say为主动关系，故用动词-ing形式。

69. a joke是单数可数名词，故其前应用不定冠词a，在此表示泛指。 70. wonderful 本句是主系表结构，故用wonder的形容词形式作表语。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分35分)

第一节 短文改错 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一

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个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：

1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Since I was a kid, I’ve considered different job I would like to do. First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly. Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much. When I studied chemistry high school, I reconsidered my goal or decided to be a doctor. They were two reasons for the decision. One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor. And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.

参

Since I was a kid, I`ve considered different job I would like jobs

to do. First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so

coolly. Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a cool fifth

32

teacher because I liked my English teacher too much. When I very / so

studied chemistry∧high school, I reconsidered my goal or in / at and decided to be a doctor. They were two reasons for the decision. There

One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could amazed

feel much more better after seeing a doctor. And the other is that was I wanted to help people in need.

考点分析

短文改错难度适中，考点分布均匀，保持了历年的考查重点 (如名词、形容词、副词、介词等) ，没有考查冠词和代词，但是考查了序数词。

考查点 名词（单复数） 系动词 数词 副词 介词 连词 there be 句型

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数量 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 分词形容词 形容词（比较级） 谓语动词 （时态） 答案和解析：

1 1 1 第一句：job → jobs job是可数名词，其前有different修饰，“不同的工

作”是复数概念，故此处用jobs。

第二句：coolly → cool looked“看起来”是系动词，后接形容词作表语。 第三句：five → fifth 表示“五年级”，应用序数词fifth修饰grade，不用

基数词。

too → very / so very much / so much表示程度“很，非常”，而 too much意为“太过分”，不符合语境。

第四句：high前加in / at 此处high school前加介词in / at才能作状语。

or → and 由“再次考虑目标”和“决定当医生”是顺承关系，故将表示选择关系的or改为and。

第五句：They → There 此处是there be句型表示“有”。

第六句：amazing → amazed –ed分词形容词描述人的感受或情绪，-ing

分词形容词描述使人产生某种情绪的起因。此处描述的是人的感受或情绪“感到惊奇的”；主语I和amaze是被动关系。故将amazing改为amazed。

去掉more much修饰well的比较级better，表示程度。

第七句：is → was 此处作者讲述的是上中学时的事情，提到两个原因，上

文用的One was that …，那么此处And the other … 应与之一致，也应用was。

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第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)

假定你是校排球队队长李华。请写封邮件告知你的队友Chris球队近期将参加比赛, 内容包括：

1. 比赛信息； 2. 赛前准备； 3. 表达期待。 注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 试题趋势

今年的书面表达沿袭近几年的体裁，仍旧是应用文。本次书面表达要求考生写一封邮件告知队友有关比赛的信息。在短文的内容要求和要点设计上，难度与往年大致相当。另外，话题的选择体现了一个命题趋势：围绕人与社会的主题，加强德智体美劳的全面考查。通过排球比赛设定的体育情境体现了关注体育锻炼、倡导健康意识的理念。

今年的书面表达属于告知信，是考生比较熟悉的文体范畴。考生应紧扣所给各项要求展开写作。作为应用文写作的一个类型，告知信最为鲜明的特征是：简洁、准确。考生在写作时应根据自己对题目的理解，准确无误地表达重点信息，把告知信所涉及的事由、时间、地点以及事项交代清楚。本文需要简明扼要地告知排球比赛的时间、地点以及赛前的准备事项。在结尾处还需对队友表示期待和鼓励。

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近年书面表达试题的开放性越来越强，只为考生提供一个笼统的写作提纲，要求考生围绕写作提纲进行适当的发挥，自主确定写作内容，体现出高考对考生创新能力的考查。总体来看，今年的书面表达充分体现了应用性的考查要求。另外，高考再次提醒我们，平时一定要重视对素材、词汇和句型等的积累，训练学生运用相关词汇和语法进行书面表达的能力。 内容分析 文体 告知人 告知对象 告知主题 告知内容 告知信 排球队队长 排球队队友 校排球队比赛 比赛信息； 赛前准备； 表达期待。 问候语及开头语 I’m writing to you about ... / I’m writing to tell you something about ... 事件信息 事件信息的三要素：时间、地点、人物 （以本篇短文为例） 时间：on July 8th 地点：in the school gym 人物：our volleyball team and a team from Lingnan High School 事件的时间和地点的常用表达： 36 There will be a match to be held in … The exhibition will be held in / take place in … The contest is organized by our school on … Our school will hold a music festival on … 个人发挥 语言分析 话题词体育：volleyball, football, baseball, badminton, cycling, athlete, 适当增加相关细节 汇激活 coach, competitor, gym, stadium, beat, defeat, compete, break / hold the record, goal, match, race, score, victory, win, player, team member 学校生活：after-school activities, take part in, attend, activity, participation, the students’ union （在平时的学习中要注意话题词汇的积累） 运用高如：take place, play against, get fully prepared, in addition, 级词块 运用高级句式

参考范文 Dear Chris,

I’m writing to let you know that we will have a volleyball match next month. The match will take place in our school gym on the morning of July 8th. We will play against a team from Lingnan High School. For good

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keep fit等 如：宾语从句，现在分词作状语等

performance in the match, we must get fully prepared and practice hard. So starting tomorrow, we all need to train for two hours after school every day. In addition, we should avoid getting hurt during the training and have a healthy diet to keep fit.

You’re an excellent player. With you on the team, we have every hope of beating Lingnan. Let’s try hard together! 38

Cheers, Li Hua