泛读3 Unit 9

Unit 9 Word Protest:

1．Uncouth [ʌnˈku:θ] adj.

(of a person or their behavior ) rude or socially unacceptable. （人或其行为）粗鲁的，无礼的，无教养的 Eg: uncouth laughter 粗野的笑声

An uncouth young man 无教养的年轻人 2. Brash [bræʃ] adj.

 confident in an aggressive way 盛气凌人的，自以为是的

Eg: Beneath his brash exterior, he’s still a little boy inside. 他外表盛气凌人，内心却还是个孩子。

 (of things and places) too bright or too noisy in a way that is not attractive. (东西或地方)耀眼的，嘈杂的

Eg: a brash supermarket 一个嘈杂的超市。 Brashly adv. Brashness n.

3. Assertive [əˈsɜ:tɪv] adj.

Expressing opinions or desires strongly and with confidence,

so that people take notice. 坚定自信的，坚决主张的

Eg: You should try and be more assertive.你应该努力坚定信心。 Assertive behavior. 坚定自信的行为 Assertively adv. Assertiveness n.

4.Inadvertent [ ˌɪnədˈvə:tn:t ] adj.

http://fanyi.baidu.com/?aldtype=85an without intention. (especially

resulting from heedless action)不注意的，漫不经心的。

Eg: The government has said it was an inadvertent error.政府声

称那是无意的过失。 n. inadvertence

5.infringe [ ɪnˈfrɪndʒ ] v.

 ~ sth (of an action, a plan, etc. 行动、计划等）to break a law or rule. 违背，触犯（法规）

Eg: The material can be copied without infringing copyright.这份材料可以复制，不会侵犯版权。

 to limit sb’s legal rights 侵犯，侵害（合法权益） ~ on/upon sth

Eg: She refused to answer questions that infringed on her private affairs.她拒绝回答侵犯她隐私的问题。

n. Infringement

6. tactile ['tæktl] adj.

(usually before noun) connected with the sense of touch有触觉的；能触知的

Eg: He’s a very tactile man.他这个人很喜欢触碰别人的身体。

7. Deportment /dɪˈpɔ:rtmənt/ n.

 the way in which a person stands and moves风度，仪态

Eg: lessons for young ladies in deportment and etiquette.年轻女士的礼仪课

 the way in which a person behaves 行为，举止

Eg: He is austere and grave in deportment. 他举止庄重严肃。

8. mollify /ˈmɑ:lɪfaɪ/ v. to make somebody feel less angry or

upset 使平静，抚慰

Eg: Say something to mollify his anger.你去劝几句，叫他别生气了。

9. ubiquity /juˈbɪkwɪti/ n. something seems to be everywhere

or in several places at the same time. 无所不在 Eg: the ubiquity of the mass media.大众传媒的无所不在

Text 1:

1. Dimension [daɪˈmenʃn] n.

 a measurement in space, for example the height, width or length of sth. 维（构成空间的因素）

Eg: We measured the dimensions of the kitchen.我们测量了厨房的尺寸。

Computer design tools that work in three dimensions.计算机三维设计工具

 (usually pl.) the size and extent of a situation 规模，程度，范围

Eg: a problem of considerable dimensions 一个涉及面广的问题

 an aspect, or way of looking at or thinking about sth 方面，侧面

Eg: Her job added a new dimension to her life. 她的工作为她的生活增添了许多新的内容。

The social dimension of unemployment 失业的社会层面

2. Ambiguous [æmˈbɪgjuəs] adj.

 that can be understood in more than one way; having different meanings 模棱两可的，含混不清的，多义的

Eg: an ambiguous word/term/statement 模棱两可的词/用语/说法

Her account was deliberately ambiguous.她的陈述故意含混不清。

 not clearly stated or defined 不明确的

Eg: His role has always been ambiguous. 他的角色一直不明确。

3. emit [iˈmɪt] v.

(formal) to send out sth such as light, heat, sound, gas, etc. 发出，射出，散发（光，热，声音，气等）

Eg: Sulphur gases were emitted by the vocano.硫磺气体由火山喷发出来。

4.brutal [ ˈbrutl ] adj.

 violent and cruel 残暴的；兽性的

Eg: He was the victim of a very brutal murder.

他是一桩异常残暴的谋杀案的受害者。

 direct and clear about sth unpleasant; not thinking of people’s feelings直截了当的；冷酷的

Eg: With brutal honesty she told him she did not love him.她冷酷的直接告诉他，她不爱他。

n. brutality

5.linguistic [ lɪŋˈɡwɪstɪk ] adj.

connected with language or the scientific study of language.语言的；语言学的

n. linguistics

6. assertive

[ əˈsɜ:rtɪv ] adj.

expressing opinions or desires strongly and with confidence, so that people take notice. 坚定自信的；坚决主张的 Eg: You should try and be more assertive.你应该努力坚定信心。

n. Assertiveness

7. mutual

/ˈmjutʃuəl/ adj.

 used to describe feelings that two or more people have for each other equally, or actions that affect two or more people equally.相互的，彼此的

Eg: I don’t like her, and I think the feeling is mutual.我不喜欢

她，我觉得她也不喜欢我。

 shared by two or more people共有的，共同的

Eg: They soon discovered a mutual interest in music.他们很快发现对音乐有着共同的兴趣。

8. aloof /əˈluf/ adj. not friendly or interested in other

people 冷漠，冷淡

Eg: He seemed aloof and detached.他显得冷漠离群。

9. ascribe /əˈskraɪb/ v. ascribe sth to sb 认为…是某人

所写

 to consider that sth is caused by a particular thing or person把……归因于

Eg: He ascribed his failure to bad luck.他认为自己的失败是运气不好。

 to consider that sb/sth has or should have a particular quality认为……具有

Eg: Their success is ascribable to the quality of their goods.他们的成功在于商品的品质。

10. Synchronize ['sɪŋkrənaɪz] vi./vt.

 to happen at the same time or to move at the same speed as sth; to make sth do this (使)同步,在时间上一致，同速进行

Eg: The sound track did not synchronize with the action.声迹与

动作不同步。

11. Honorific [ˌɒnə'rɪfɪk] adj. (formal)showing respect for the person you are speaking to表示尊敬的 Eg：an honorific title尊称

12. Deferential [ˌdefə'renʃl] adj showing deference恭敬的；顺从的

Eg: She is always extremely deferential to anyone in authority.她对任何权威人士总是必恭必敬。 13. Facilitate [fə'sɪlɪteɪt] v.

 (formal)to make an action or a process possible or easier促进；促使；使便利

Eg:The new trade agreement should facilitate more rapid economic growth.新贸易协定应当会加快经济发展。 Facilitation 简易化，促进 14. Hinder ['hɪndə(r)] v.

 to make it difficult for sb to do sth or for sth to happen 阻碍；妨碍；阻挡

Eg:Some teachers felt hindered by a lack of resources. 有些老师因资源不足而感到困难重重。 ～sb/sth from sth/from doing sth

Eg:An injury was hindering him from playing his best. 受伤后他无法发挥出正常水平。

15. Elaborate [ ɪˈlæbərət ]

 adj: very complicated and detailed; carefully prepared and organized复杂的；详尽的；精心制作的

Eg:She had prepared a very elaborate meal.她做了一顿精美饭菜。

 vi/vt: to explain or describe sth in a more detailed way详尽阐述；详尽描述；精心制作

Eg: He said he was resigning but did not elaborate on his reason.他说他准备辞职但未详细说明原因。

In his play he takes simple traditional tales and elaborates them.他在剧本里采用了一些传统故事并加以发挥。 Elaboration n. 精致；精心完成的东西

Questions & Answers:

1) Q: When we face different cultures, how should we communicate with foreign people?

A: First of all, we should respect other countries cultures. As a

matter of fact, when we go to other countries or guest foreign people, we should be aware of other countries’ cultures beforehand. In addition, we also should respect our own cultures. We can’t abandon our own positive cultures

because we only want to integrate into a new surroundings or get well along with foreign people.

2) Q: How does the cultural differences influence on the cross-cultural communication?

A: First, the sender and receiver of information. The unique

values, traditions, social and political relations and world outlook of the cross cultural exchange will affect the minds of the information sender and receiver, and then affect any exchange in the future.

3）Q：What’s the importance of the cross-cultural

communication?

A: People can learn to understand different person in

different cultural backgrounds, we can get along well with people who have different life style and values. Undoubtedly, it’s the most essential element to keep the world peaceful.

4）Q: How do we reduce the difficulties when the

cross-culture people communicate?

A: We can use some public gestures to express

ourselves. In addition, when we are at free time, we also can learn something about the foreign culture so that it will be more convenient to

express ourselves.

Difficult sentences:

(1) What follows are some aspects of interpersonal communication

that are known to differ cross-culturally and which contribute significantly to the effectiveness of information exchange. Line9

(2) East-Asian societies, particularly China, Korea, and Japan, tend to be low tactile cultures, the reluctance towards interpersonal touch by members of those societies being ascribed to the influence of Confucianism with its emphasis on prescribed public social deportment. Line83

(3) The principle underlying such communication difficulties stems from culturally determined differences in the extent to which importance is attached to rank, title and profession. Line122

(4) He was only partially mollified when it was suggested that this indicated that the students accepted him and that their informal approach was a mark of respect. Line 119