2020-2021年 中考英语阅读理解专题剖析与专题同步训练(含答案)

一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．根据短文内容选择正确答案。

C

Jodie’s Daddy is a Garbageman （垃圾清理工）

Mr. Swales wanted to find out what his students’ parents did. He had just called Jodie when some girls burst out laughing. Shirley shouted, “Jodie’s Daddy is a Garbageman!” Everybody in the class laughed out loud, except Jodie. She felt her face turn red.

“Silence!” Mr Swales said, “Being a garbagemen is a difficult and useful job. We should all be thankful to Jodie’s father.”

Jodie’s father came to walk her home from school as usual, but she didn’t run up to him the way she always did. When they got back home, Jodie went to her room and cried for a long time. Her father came into her room, “What happened, Jodie? Why are you so sad?”

Jodie told her father what had happened and looked at him. He didn’t seem angry or hurt. “Well,” he said, “they are right. Being a garbageman is a dirty job. Tomorrow’s Saturday. Come to work with me, Jodie.”

The place really smell too good. Jodie wrinkled her nose. “Don’t worry, kid. In five minutes you won’t smell a thing.” said her father.

Everybody there was working hard, and they seemed to have a good time. Jodie’s father handed her a pair of gloves and told her to get the little plastic bags and throw them into the truck.

It was fun, but also hard work. Jodie’s arms soom got tired. At last, no more garbage was left and Jodie felt very happy.

“Garbage is disgusting, but when we clear it away, everything’s nice and clean. You can make yourself happy only by making other happy. That’s why I like being a garbageman so much.” Jodie give her dirty, smeely garbageman daddy a big kiss（吻）. She said, “When I grow up, I will be a garbagegirl!”

Now whenever someone asks Jodie what her daddy does, she says, “He’s a garbageman! Everybody makes garbage, but my daddy takes it away!” （1）What happened in My Swale’s class?

A. He wanted to show what job was the most useful. B. He asked an improper question. C. Jodie gave an honest answer. D. Jodie was laughed at. （2）Why did Jodie’s father take her to his workplace?

A. To make Jodie calm down

B. To prove how dirty his job was.C To help Jodie learn about his job. C. To help Jodie learn about his job. D. To keep Jodie away from her classmates.

（3）Jodie gave her father a big kiss mainly because ______.

A. he was kind B. he was unselfish（无私的） C. he was cheerful D. he is hard-working （4）How does Jodie feel about her father now?

A. Sad B. Curious C. Guilty（有罪的） D. Proud 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）B （4）D

【解析】【分析】这篇短文中作者主要讲述了一个女孩对自己爸爸从事垃圾清洁工这一工作态度和认识的转变的故事，从一开始同学的嘲笑自己感到委屈，而最后得知爸爸工作的辛苦和伟大。

（1）细节理解题。根据短文第一段第二、三句He had just called Jodie when some girls burst out laughing. Shirley shouted, “Jodie’s daddy is a garbageman!可知，当同学们知道Jodie的爸爸是一名垃圾清理工时都在笑话她；故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据短文第十段爸爸的话语“Garbage is disgusting, but when we clear it away, everything’s nice and clean. You can make yourself happy only by making other happy.可知，爸爸要女儿来到他工作的场所是让她体验到自己工作的光荣；故选C。

（3）推理判断题。根据短文内容可知爸爸付出了自己的辛勤劳动，方便的市民的生活，其精神是大公无私的；所以女儿为爸爸自豪，而高兴地去亲吻他；故选B。

（4）推理判断题。根据短文最后两段可看出女儿对爸爸工作态度的转变，她总是告诉别人他爸爸工作的光荣和以后也要当一名清洁女工来看，她是为爸爸的工作而自豪的；故选D。

【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。

2．根据短文内容选择正确答案。

A

The 2014 FI FA World Cup, the twentieth World Cup football match, was held in Brazil from June 12th, 2014 to July 13th, 2014. Thirty-two teams from different countries brought us sixty-four wonderful games during the World Cup. This is the second time the World Cup is held in this country and the fifth in South America. Thousands of football fans watched the games. A Bite of China（舌尖上的中国）, a mouth-watering documentary TV program featuring delicious Chinese food, has interested a large number of people. The program has become very popular since it was shown on TV. The documentary provides not only Chinese delicious food but also the relationships between people and food. “We made this documentary with our respect and love for food. I hope it will help people learn more about Chinese food as well as Chinese culture.” said the director Mr. Chen. Lu Jialei, a school girl from Hangzhou, China, won the championship of the first Chinese Character Dictation Contest, which made her become famous overnight. Lu is a hard-working girl and always comes top at school. “I like reading and I’m crazy about learning Chinese characters. I enjoy the contest and hope more and more people become interested in learning Chinese characters.” said Lu Jialei after winning the contest. （1）How long did the 2014 FIFA World Cup last?

A. About a week. B. About two weeks C. About a month. D. About two months. （2）Which is NOT true according to the articles?

A. Lu Jialei always gets good grades at school. B. The World Cup has been held in South America twice. C. Many people like watching the TV program A Bite of China.

D. Lu Jialei hopes more people ca n take much interest in Chinese characters. （3）Where may the articles probably come from?

A. A story book. B. A science report. C. A sports magazine. D. The Internet. 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）D

【解析】【分析】这篇短文给我们介绍了三段不同内容的短文。第一段是关于今年夏天将在巴西举行的足球世界杯；第二段是关于《舌尖上的中国》这个电视节目；第三段是关于第一届汉字听写大赛的冠军卢佳磊。

（1）细节理解题。根据短文的第一段中the twentieth World Cup football match, will be held in Brazil from June 12th, 2014 to July 13th, 2014.可知，第20届世界杯足球赛将于2014年6月12号到7月13号在巴西举行，时间是持续一个月。故选C。

（2）推理判断题。根据Lu is a hard-working girl and always comes top at school.可知A的说法是对的；根据A Bite of China（舌尖上的中国）, a mouth-watering documentary TV program featuring delicious Chinese food, has interested a large number of people.可知C的说法也符合文意；根据enjoy the contest and hope more and more people become interested in learning Chinese characters可知D也是符合文意的； 根据This is the second time the World Cup is held in this country and the fifth in South America.可知，这是世界杯足球赛第五次在南

美洲国家举行，故B不对。选B。

（3）主旨大意题。这篇短文中给我们介绍了三个不同的内容，第一段是关于今年的世界杯足球比赛将在巴西举行；第二个是关于《舌尖上的中国》这个节目；第三个是关于汉字听写大赛的冠军卢佳磊。这样的一篇短文应该来源于网上。故选D。

【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。

3．根据短文理解选择正确答案。

D

In Paris, one freezing winter evening, I was having dinner with my friend, Mr. Dupin, the famous detective. We had just finished our meal, when there was a loud knocking at the door. Dupin opened it. There stood Mr. Germain, the chief警长）of the Paris Police.

We welcomed him warmly, for he was an old acquaintance（熟人）whom we hadn't seen for a great time.

\"I need your assistance,\" said Germain. \"I met a case（案件）that has been giving me a great deal of trouble. It is very simple but very strange.\"

“Also, please keep this secret. If anyone found out that I told you this. I would certainly lose my job.”

“Well, then,” said the Chief,” I have learned that a very important letter has been stolen from the king. We are sure who stole it and that the letter is in his house.\" \"But who would dare do such a thing\" I cried.

\"The thief,\" said Germain softly, \"He's a man who darers do many dangerous things. He is one of the most powerful and important ministers in the government. He is Minister Danton.” \"A lot of times, while Minister Danton was out, a lot of well-trained police officers carefully searched the entire house, room by room. In fact, we examined everything in the house but found nothing.\"…

A month later, Dupin asked Germain and me to his house. There he took out a letter and handed it to the Chief. We were both very surprised.

Dupin explained, \"I know Minister Danton very well. He could not hide the letter in any of the usual hiding places. I realized that he might have left the letter out in the open, right under everyone's nose, where no one would search for it.\"

\"Then I visited him with my dark glasses on to help me observe（观察）better. While we were chatting, a dirty, torn letter in the letter holder suddenly caught my eyes-unusual for the Minister, who is careful and neat.\" \"I was sure it was the letter.\"

\"Then I purposely left my gloves behind so I could come back again.\"

\"The next morning, I hired a man to fire a gun on the street, while the Minister went to see what happened, I stole the letter by replacing it with a similar one, On it Dupin wrote these words:

Your plan was good, but mine was better As you can see, I took the letter.

----Based on a story by Edgar Allan Poe

（1）The underlined word \"assistance\" in the third paragraph probably meanshere.

A. hobby B. help C. habit D. holiday （2）Who is the best at solving difficult cases according to the passage?

A. The writer. B. Mr. Germain. C. Mr. Dupin. D. Minister Danton. （3）Dupin did all the following things to help get the letter back EXCEPT .

A. wearing his dark glasses when visiting Danton's house B. leaving his gloves purposely behind in Danton's house C. hiring a man to fire a gun on the street the next morning D. writing some words on the letter he put into the letter holder （4）From the passage we can infer that .

A. Dupin and Danton are also acquaintances B. Dupin and the writer are both detectives C. Danton and the writer are new friends D. Germain and Danton are dangerous enemies 【答案】（1）B （2）C （3）D （4）A

【解析】【分析】本文讲述法国巴黎的著名侦探杜宾先生的故事。警长因为一个棘手的案子请杜宾帮忙找回国王丢失的一封信，他知道信在那里，但是就是找不到。杜宾先生去了家里，凭着敏锐的眼睛发现了那封信的所在，然后巧妙的将信调包，帮助了警长。

（1）词义猜测。根据I met a case（案件）that has been giving me a great deal of trouble可知警长遇到了很麻烦的案子请杜宾先生帮忙。hobby爱好；help帮助；habit习惯；holiday假期。故选B。

（2）推理判断。根据文章内容 In fact, we examined everything in the house but found nothing.和A month later, Dupin asked Germain and me to his house. There he took out a letter and handed it to the Chief. 可知没人找到那封信在哪里，但是一个月后杜宾先生找到了，故选C。

（3）细节理解。注意题目：为了得到那封信，杜宾先生做了以下事情，除了哪一个。根据 \"Then I visited him with my dark glasses on to help me observe（观察）better.可知A项正确；根据Then I purposely left my gloves behind so I could come back again可知B项正确；根

据The next morning, I hired a man to fire a gun on the street可知C正确；根据I stole the letter by replacing it with a similar one, On it Dupin wrote these words……可知D项虽然也是文章内容，但是并不是杜宾为了取得信而做的事情。所以选D。

（4）推理判断。根据I know Minister Danton very well. 和 I visited him with my dark glasses on以及While we were chatting,可知杜宾与丹顿是熟人。故选A。

【点评】故事类阅读要紧扣故事的时间线索，人物间的关系，故事的发展和结局，点明的主旨等信息。答题时注意问题中的关键词在文章中的准确定位，根据关键词查找信息，切忌主观臆断，凭感觉做题

4．根据短文内容，回答下列问题。

“Who needs a shopping mall（购物中心）if you have Taobao?\" says Wang Lin, 28, a writer in Beijing.

Taobao, China's largest online shopping site（网上购物网站）, has become an important part of Wang Lin's life. She spends lots of money on Taobao.

A growing number of Chinese Internet users like Wang have found the joys of online shopping. Most online shoppers are students or young workers. More women shop online than men; Clothing and home-use products are the most popular on line.

It was reported that more than 250 billion （十亿） yuan was spent on online shopping last year, 80% through Taobao.

Taobao means \"looking for treasure\" in Chinese. People can find almost everything they need on Taobao, from clothes to books, from candies to DVD players.

You may question the security of online shopping, Wang Lin said, \"It's very safe and convenient. Unless you receive the products from the sellers and are satisfied with them, the shop owner will not get the money. You can also get your money back if you want to return the products.” （1）What is Taobao?

（2）Who are the most online shoppers?

（3）Do more men shop on line than women?

（4）What can you do if you want to return the products?

（5）How much did people spend on line shopping through Taobao last year?

【答案】 （1）It's China largest online shopping site.

（2）They are students or young workers.

（3）No, they don't.

（4）I/We can get my/our money back.

（5）More than 200 million yuan.

【解析】【分析】这篇短文中主要介绍了淘宝网越来越受人们的欢迎。人们几乎可以在网上购买到他们所有需要的物品。而且网上购物，不满意可以退货。

（1）细节理解。根据第二段 Taobao, China's largest online shopping site（网上购物网站），has become an important part of Wang Lin's life. 可知答案是：It's China largest online shopping site.

（2）细节理解。根据第三段Most online shoppers are students or young workers.可知答案是：They are students or young workers.

（3）细节理解。根据第三段More women shop online than men;可知答案是：No, they don't. （4）细节理解。根据最后一句You can also get your money back if you want to return the products.可知答案是：I can get mymoney back.或者We can get our money back。

（5）细节理解。根据第四段It was reported that more than 250 billion （十亿） yuan was spent on online shopping last year, 80% through Taobao可知答案是：More than 200 million yuan.

【点评】任务型阅读的关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。

5．阅读理解

Chip was in the first grade when I arrived at his school as a counselor（辅导员）. It was shocking to me that he was described as an angry, uncontrollable and evil（道德败坏的）boy. How could such a little boy, after being in school only one year, be considered \"evil\"?Over the next several months, I came to know Chip well enough to see that he was neither evil nor uncontrollable.

But, one day, Chip threw a chair at his teacher and was sent to my office. I asked him what made him do this. He replied that his teacher hated him. He felt there was no way to ever get her

to like him. I asked him if he would tell his teacher this. He nodded, and we called her into my office.

When the teacher came, . He then said that he knew he was a very, very bad boy, and he didn't think anyone could ever like him. His teacher listened to him with heartfelt compassion. Then she gave him a big warm hug, telling him she didn't hate him at all and, actually, she cared very much about him. Only sometimes Chip's behaviour really scared her. It was clear to both Chip and me that she really meant it.

I put my left arm on his shoulders and the right hand on his heart. I told him how wonderful and lovely I saw him to be. I praised how special and brave he was to express his hurt feelings. As I was speaking to him, his whole body came to rest on my right hand next to his heart. It was a moment in time unlike anything I had experienced before. From then on, I'm pleased to see his behaviour improved through the rest of school years.

A child's mind is clear and sensitive（敏感的）. He receives whatever others say without protection. It is as easy to consider someone hopeless as it is to consider him able in his own special way.

（1）The first paragraph mainly tells us .

A. Chip was very popular at school B. the teacher didn't care about Chip at all C. Chip had no way to get others to like him D. the writer thought differently about Chip （2）Which of the following is the best sentence to fill in the blank in the passage? A. she couldn't control her feelings B. I advised her to be more patient C. Chip became angry and crazy again D. I encouraged Chip to express his feelings （3）The underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 shows that Chip .

A. accepted the writer B. wanted a rest C. was quite afraid D. felt a little nervous （4）What can we learn from the passage?

A. No pains, no gains. B. Love me, love my dog.

C. Expect higher, act better. D. Where there is a will, there is a way. 【答案】 （1）D （2）D （3）A （4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了作者在学校里面对一个被所有人看成“恶魔”的孩子,并没有放弃她,反而安慰鼓励她,结果她真的像作者期盼的那样,变得更好了的事情。。 （1）细节理解题。根据第一段第二句It was shocking to me that he wasdescribed as an angry, uncontrollable and evilboy和 Over the next several months, I came to know Chip well enough to see that he was neither evil nor uncontrollable.可知作者与别人相比对Chip有不同的看法。故选D。

（2）信息匹配题。根据下文He then said that he knew he was a very, very bad boy, and he didn't think anyone could ever like him.可知是在作者鼓励下Chip才会说下文自己的想法， 故选D。

（3） 推断理解题。根据第五段最后句From then on, I'm pleased to see his behavior

improved through the rest of school years可知，自从作者对Chip说了一番话后，他的行为变得越来越好，因此当时他将身体靠在作者的右手上表达的应是对作者从内心的接受，可知Chip已经接受作者的建议，故选A。

（4） 主旨题大意题。文章讲述了作者在学校里面对一个被所有人看成“恶魔” 的孩子，并没有放弃他反而安慰鼓励他，结果他真的像作者期盼的那样，变得更好了。结合文章最后一

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话

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It is as easy to consider someone hopeless as it it toconsider him able in his own special way可得出文章主旨，即态度决定事情的结局。当你对人或事有高的期望时，结果往往会变得更好。故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

6．阅读理解

Mail, games, music, news, chat rooms and shopping！The Internet is part of the way we live today. \"It's easy to get onto the Internet. The only thing we need to do is use a modem which is used for connecting a computer to a telephone line. The Internet is changing and growing all the time. More and more people have computers and use the Internet. Using the Internet means surfing the World Wide Web（That's the \"www\" you always hear about.）.The Web has large numbers of websites in it. They are the places you go to get information and do things. Where do these websites come from？They are made by web designers. What happens when you click on a word or a picture？You are sent to another page. It's all because of the web designer. Web designers do a lot of work by using a computer programming（程序编辑）language.

Is Web design all about computer programming? No. It's about making something new. Web designers must imagine a lot when they are making a website. It must look good and be fun to use. A big part of Web design is art. They choose the best pictures and colours to make the website look good. They also write the things that you see on the website. An important part of their job is to share ideas with the website manager about how to design the website well. （1）This passage is mainly about .

A. computer programming languages B. the Web designers' work C. the website manager's work D. the way to get onto the Internet （2）More and more people are using the Internet because it's . A. easy and useful B. beautiful and funny C. colourful and hopeful D. changing and colourful （3）It's possible for us to change websites by just a click because of . A. the modem's help B. the telephone line's help C. the Web designers' work D. the website manager's work （4）Which of the following is WRONG？ A. \"Www\" means \"World Wide Web\".

B. There are a few websites on the web. C. The Internet has changed people's lives. D. We can do things like shopping on the Internet. 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）C （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了互联网是我们今天生活方式的一部分，网页设计的工作的重要性。

（1）主旨题。根据本文介绍了互联网是我们今天生活方式的一部分，网页设计的工作的重要性可知文章主要讲网页设计师的工作 ， 故选B。

（2）细节题。根据It's easy to get onto the Internet可知越来越多的人在使用互联网，因为它简单有用 ， 故选A。

（3）推理题。根据 They are made by web designers. What happens when you click on a word or a picture You are sent to another page 它们是由网页设计师制作的。当你点击一个单词或图片会发生什么？您将被发送到另一页可知，因为网页设计师的工作我们只需点击一下就可以改变网站 ， 故选C。

（4）细节题。根据The Web has large numbers of websites in it 网络中有大量的网站 可知网上有几个网站是错误的 ，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

7．阅读理解

What should we do if one of our classmates suddenly falls ill or gets hurt? Here are some steps you should follow. But always remember to look for medical care after first aid（急救） if the wound is serious.

Broken bones（骨头）: Take away clothing from the wound, Use an ice pack. Don't move the hurt body part while waiting for the doctor to arrive.

Animal bites（咬伤）: Wash the bite area with soap and water. Pack the wound with a clean cloth if it is bleeding. If the bleeding has stopped, cover the area with a bandage and take the person to hospital. Make sure you remember what kind of animal it is, so the doctor can find the right way to treat him or her at once.

Fainting（昏厥）: Have him or her lie with feet lifted a little. Don't move the body if you think there might be wounds from the fall, Make sure he or she can breathe and let in fresh air. Clean the person's face with a cool cloth.

Nosebleeds: Have the person sit up with his or her head tilted（倾斜） forward a little, Do not have the person tilt his or her head back because this may cause heavy breathing or coughing. Pinch（捏） the lower part of the nose for at least 10 minutes. （1）What should we do first when an animal bite happens?

A. Put an ice pack on the wound. B. Wash the bite area with soap and water. C. Try to stop the bleeding with a clean cloth. D. Take the injured person to the hospital. （2）When dealing with the problems of ____________, we shouldn't move the hurt. A. broken bones and animal bites B. animal bites and nosebleeds C. broken bones and fainting D. fainting and nosebleeds （3）Which of the following is NOT right when a boy's nose bleeds? A. Let his head not tilt back. B. Let his head tilt forward a little. C. Let him sit up. D. Pinch his nose for less than 10 minutes. （4）Which part of a magazine may the passage come from?

A. Lifestyle. B. Health. C. Sports. D. Education. （5）What's the main idea of the passage?

A. First aid for some accidental wounds. B. Steps of looking for medical care. C. Advice on ways not to get hurt. D. Ways to ask for help in getting hurt. 【答案】 （1）B （2）C （3）D （4）B （5）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了四种意外伤害的急救知识。

（1）细节题。根据Animal bites（咬伤）: Wash the bite area with soap and water.可知动物咬伤时用肥皂和水清洗，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据Broken bones（骨头）: Don't move the hurt body part while waiting for the doctor to arrive.和Fainting（昏厥）: Don't move the body if you think there might be wounds from the fall可知当骨折和昏厥时不要移动伤者，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据Pinch（捏） the lower part of the nose for at least 10 minutes.可知当流鼻血时捏鼻子更低的部分至少10分钟，而不是整个鼻子，故选D。

（4）推断题。根据全文可知讲了意外伤害的急救，所以可能来自健康部分，即health，故选B。

（5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了四种意外伤害的急救知识，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

8．阅读理解

The word, \"photography\write with light\". But photography could only give people static pictures. So scientists were trying hard to find ways to make pictures that can move. They made lots of experiments, but failed again and again. It was Eadweard Muybridge who finally succeeded. He was the first photographer to try this successfully. But how did he make it? It was an interesting story. Back in 1872, people didn't know exactly（确切地） whether all four of a horse's hooves

（蹄） left the ground at the same time when it was running. A gentleman called Leland Stanford made a bet with his friend about it. Most people believed that a horse always had one hoof on the ground, or it would fall over. But Stanford didn't think so.

At that time, it was hard to know who could win the bet, because a horse's legs move so fast that it is impossible to tell just by looking. So they needed a way to record the movement of a running horse. Then Stanford offered $ 25,000 to the famous photographer, Muybridge, to help find the answer. In the beginning, Muybridge failed to get clear images, but he didn't give up. He continued to improve his cameras. In 1878, after many experiments, he managed to get a sequence（连续） of 12 photos. One of them clearly showed that all four of the horse's hooves were off the ground at the same time. And when the photos moved fast, people could see a horse running.

Though Edison is usually considered as the person who created the first movie in 18, it was the work of Eadweard Muybridge and the bet that led to Edison's invention. （1）The underlined word \"static\" in Paragraph 1 most probably means . A. pretty B. dark C. moving D. still （2）What did Leland Stanford make a bet with his friend about? A. Whose horse ran faster.

B. Whether a horse would fall over while running.

C. Whether it was possible for scientists to make moving pictures.

D. Whether a horse's hooves all left the ground at the same time while running. （3）Muybridge finally found the exact answer to the bet in .

A. 1839 B. 1872 C. 1878 D. 18 （4）The passage mainly tells us . A. that Thomas Edison created the first movie

B. that Eadweard Muybridge created the first static pictures C. how photography helped people know more about animals

D. how Eadweard Muybridge got pictures of motion（移动） successfully 【答案】 （1）D （2）D （3）C （4）D

【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了 Eadweard Muybridge拍到移动的照片的故事。 （1）词义猜测题。根据下文 So scientists were trying hard to find ways to make pictures that can move. 所以科学家很努力地尝试找到让照片动起来的方法，可知以前的照片是静止的，static意为still“静止的”。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段 Back in 1872, people didn't know exactly（确切地） whether all four of a horse's hooves（蹄） left the ground at the same time when it was running. 可知， Leland Stanford和朋友打赌马在奔跑的时候是不是四只马蹄都离地。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据第三段 In 1878, after many experiments, he managed to get a sequence（连续） of 12 photos. 可知，直到1878年， Muybridge ，才设法拍到连续的12

张照片。故选C。

（4）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了 Eadweard Muybridge拍到移动的照片的故事。故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先快速浏览、分析问题，抓住关键词；其次带着问题通读全文，了解文章大意，找到依据，确定答案；最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

9．阅读理解

Aged between 18 and 40 years? Can you work 8 hours a day to help sort parcels （分拣包裹） from late January to the end of February？ Pay rates 7:00 am---6:00 pm ￥12/ hour 6:00 pm---7:00 am ￥15/ hour If you are careful and can work well with others, please join us. For more information, call 400-8-53. （1）If Wang Qiang works from 9:00 am to 5 pm, how much can he get a day? A. ￥60 B. ￥75 C. ￥96 D. ￥120 （2）Which of the following is TRUE? A. People working at night get more money. B. Any person under 45 can apply for the job. C. People have to start to work at the end of February. D. The job is to get parcels to Sto Express.

（3）The material may be from a _____________.

A. book B. notice C. maganize D. newspaper 【答案】 （1）C （2）A （3）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是申通快递招聘广告，年龄，工作时间及报酬。 （1）细节理解题，根据广告中7:00 am---6:00 pm ￥12/ hour可知从上午9点到下午5点，共八个小时，每小时12美元，一天能挣96美元，故选C。

（2）细节理解题，根据7:00 am---6:00 pm ￥12/ hour从上午7点到下午6点每小时12美元； 6:00 pm---7:00 am ￥15/ hour从下午6点到早晨7点每小时15美元，通过对比可知晚上工作挣钱更多，故选A。

（3）推理判断题，这是一则广告，所以这个材料可能登在报纸上，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本文是一则广告，主要涉及细节理解题，在文中找到答案的依据。

10．阅读理解

School is a good place for us to study. Yet sometimes, it's easy for us to have accidents there. Experts suggest that right safety training could avoid 80% of these accidents. Here are parts of

safety rules in some countries.

In China, fire training at school is common to teach students to deal with emergencies （紧急情况）. During the training，students hurry to the playground with a wet cloth covering their mouth. Fire training is held each term. In Japan, public elementary schools hold earthquake training once a month. They teach students how to escape during an earthquake without pushing. Most US school buildings have fire escapes on each floor. A fire escape has platforms（露台） with ladders（梯子）. In many middle schools in the UK, students can choose to take a bicycle course. There, they learn how to ride to school safely. （1）Students should receive right safety training because _______. A. it is easy B. it could avoid most of these accidents C. it is interesting D. it is accepted by the teachers

（2）If there is a fire, Chinese students should go to the playground hurriedly _______. A. with a wet cloth covering their mouth B. by using ladders C. by bike D. by pushing each other （3）This passage mainly talks about _______.

A. how to escape from earthquakes B. how to put out the fire C. some school safety rules in some countries D. a bicycle course 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：校园是学习的地方，也是事故高发地，短文介绍了几个国家有关学校的安全规则。

（1）细节理解题，根据 Experts suggest that right safety training could avoid 80% of these accidents. 可知接受正确的安全训练，可以避免大部分的事故。故答案是B。 （2）细节理解题，根据 fire training at school is common to teach students to deal with emergencies （紧急情况）. During the training，students hurry to the playground with a wet cloth covering their mouth. Fire training is held each term. 可知，在中国，火灾发生的时候，学生应该用湿毛巾捂住嘴迅速跑到操场，故答案是A。

（3）主旨大意题，根据文章内容可知，短文主要介绍了介个国家的学校安全规则，故答案是C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了细节理解题和主旨大意题，细节理解题一般可直接从文中找到答案，主旨大意题需要在充分理解文章的基础上归纳文章的中心，选出正确答案。

11．阅读理解

（1）The ad of Simply Sushi tells us the ________ for a meal.

A. address B. price C. time D. advantage （2）If you want to eat Pizza, you Can go to Tony's at ________ .

A. 8 a. m. B. 10 a. m. C. 5 p. m D. 11 p. m. （3）Shirley and Sue paid ________ in total for a special lunch at Lotus Chinese yesterday. A. $4.95 B. $7.50 C. $9.90 D. $15.00 【答案】 （1）A

（2）C （3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一张关于饭店的广告。

（1）细节题。根据图一的信息1022 West Fifth St，可知寿司店的地址，故选A。 （2）细节题。根据图三的信息12am-10pm可知，如果你想吃披萨，下文5点去Tony的店吃披萨，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据图二的信息，特价午餐每个人4,95美元可知， 雪莉和苏昨天在lotus chinese共花了9.9美元吃了一顿午餐 ，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。

12．阅读理解 By Anna Matteo 28 January, 2019

A 3-year-old boy who was lost in the woods for two days is now safe at home with his family. But Casey Hathaway told his rescuers（救援者） that he was not alone in the rainy, freezing cold woods. He said he was with a friend — a bear.

The child went missing on January 22 while playing with friends near his grandmother's house in North Carolina. When the other children returned but Casey did not, the family searched the area for almost an hour before calling the police.

Police formed a search team to look for the young boy in the nearby woods. But two days went by and — no Casey.

Then on January 24, someone called the police saying he heard a child crying in the woods. Police followed up on the information and found Casey at about 9:30 that night. He was in good health.

Casey told the rescuers he had hung out with a black bear for two days, a bear he called his \"friend\".

The police officer Chip Hughes spoke with reporters from several news agencies. He said Casey did not say how he could survive in the woods for two days in the cold, rainy weather. \"However,\" the police officer said, \"he did say he had a friend in the woods that was a bear with him.\" Hundreds of people helped in the search and rescue efforts, including some 600 volunteers, police and members of the army. Doctors at the medical center gave Casey some examination. He was then sent to his family on January 25.

His mother talked with reporters and thanked everyone who joined the search for her son. \"We just want to tell everybody that we're very thankful that you took the time out to search for Casey,\" said his mother. \"He is up and talking. He's already asked to watch cartoons.\" （1）Who stayed with Casey during in the woods the two days ?

A. A bear. B. The police. C. His mother. D. The volunteers. （2）The underlined word \"survive\" in Paragraph 6 probably means \" \". A. give up B. get lost C. fall asleep D. keep alive （3）What is the correct order in which these happen?

a. Someone heard a child crying. b. The family started to look for Casey.

c. Casey played with his friends. d. The police found Casey was in good health. A. b- c- a- d B. b- c- d- a C. c- b- a- d D. c- b- d- a （4）After Casey was sent back home, he was .

A. scared B. nervous C. relaxed D. surprised 【答案】 （1）A （2）D （3）C （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文讲述了Casey Hathaway走丢后神奇的经历。

（1）细节题。根据He said he was with a friend — a bear，可知这两天熊和凯西呆在树林里，故选A。

（2）词义猜测题。根据 in the woods for two days in the cold在寒冷的树林里呆了两天 ，可知survive是 keep alive生存的意思，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据讲述了Casey Hathaway走丢后神奇的经历，可知首先凯西和他的朋友一起玩后来不见了， 一家人开始寻找凯西 ， 有人听到一个孩子在哭 ， 最后警方发现凯西身体健康，故C的顺序是对的 ， 故选C。

（4）推理题。根据 He is up and talking. He's already asked to watch cartoons 他起来说话了。他已经被要求看卡通片了 ，可知凯西被送回家后，他很放松 ， 故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。

13．阅读理解

What can we learn from the special, very successful people in the world who make the impossible possible?

Lesson 1: Ways of creative thinking are needed

Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg both dropped out of college. They prefer to teach themselves because they like to develop their own ways of thinking. They think standard ways of teaching might stop people from being creative and having new ideas. Lesson 2: The answer might not be what you expect

Find your answers from facts-not start with an expectation of what you will find. Stephen Jacobsen believed what he was taught: that water on Earth came from icy comets（封星） or planets which hit into Earth.

However, by studying a special rock, he discovered that it acted like a sponge（海绵）. This suggested that Earth's water might have come from inside, driven to the surface to form the oceans, by geological activity.

\"I had a pretty hard time making others believe it, \"he said. \"But thinking about the fact that you may be the first person to see something for the first time doesn't happen very often. When it does, it's amazing.\"

Lesson 3: A little luck goes a long way

Years of planning went into a recent achievement in space travel. The European Space Agency's \"Philae\, which was 480 million kilometres away. The trip from Earth by \"Philae\" had taken ten years!

The scientists had no idea what the surface of the comet would be like. If the landing failed, it would be impossible to get information from the spacecraft. Twenty years of work would have been wasted.

When \"Philae\" tried to land, it bounced（弹起） away from the comet's icy surface twice. Luckily, however, \"Philae\" landed successfully and began sending information back to Earth. （1）Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg left college because____________. A. they preferred to learn by themselves B. they needed standard ways of teaching C. their teachers didn't like their new ideas D. their teachers weren't able to teach them （2）In Lesson 2, the writer mainly wants to tell us that___________. A. we should get answers from facts B. we can believe what we are taught C. it's hard to make others believe something D. an expectation can help get an answer in research

（3）The example of \"Philae\" in Lesson 3 shows that________. A. Comet 67P was not far away from Earth B. it took \"Philae\"2o years to reach Comet 67P C. \"Philae\" landed on Comet 67P with a little luck D. scientists know nothing about the surface of Comet 67P （4）The best title for this passage is_____.

A. Ways of learning B. Lessons for success C. Ways of being special D. Lessons for experiments 【答案】 （1）A （2）A （3）C （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了我们能从世界上那些让不可能成为可能的特别的、非常成功的人身上学到很多。

（1）细节题。根据 Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg both dropped out of college. They prefer to teach themselves because they like to develop their own ways of thinking 可知， 比尔·盖茨和马克·扎克伯格离开大学是因为他们更喜欢自学，故选A。

（2）主旨题。根据 Find your answers from facts 可知， 作者主要想告诉我们应该从事实中得到答案，故选A。

（3）推理题。根据 The European Space Agency's \"Philae\Comet 67P 欧洲航天局的“菲莱”号机器人登陆艇遇到了彗星67p和When \"Philae\" tried to land, it bounced（弹起） away from the comet's icy surface twice. Luckily, however, \"Philae\" landed successfully and began sending information back to Earth 当“菲莱”试图着陆时，它反弹（弹起）远离彗星冰冷的表面两次。然而幸运的是，“菲莱”号成功着陆，并开始向地球发

回信息，可知例子表明菲莱幸运地降落在彗星67p上，故选C。

（4）主旨题。根据本文介绍了我们能从世界上那些让不可能成为可能的特别的、非常成功的人身上学到很多，可知 Lessons for success适合做标题，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

14．阅读理解

If you cannot travel around the world, why not travel on the Internet? GeoGuessr is a new online travel game. The game is easy to play, but nearly impossible to win. The new online game challenges your geography skills. How to play the game

When you think you know where the photo was taken, click on the Google map to place your marker.

Click on the \"Make A Guess\" button on the bottom of the map. A new image will appear, showing the distance between the area you chose and the actual location. GeoGuessr will tell how many kilometers away you were and how many points you earned.

You get five chances to guess the location. After the fifth one, you see a map showing your guesses, the correct location and the number of points you earned. Helpful hints（提示）

Here are a few tips to help you identify what part of the planet you are seeing.

look around and see if you can find any words on signs to show the local language. For example, if both French and English are on signs, Canada might be a good guess.

Make a note of whether the cars drive on the right or the left side of the road. If cars are driving on the left, that narrows your guesses.

The more you play the game, the better you will get at geography.

（1）GeoGuessr is a new online game which challenges your _________ skills. A. math B. language C. science D. geography （2）You can have _________ chances to guess the location you see.

A. three B. four C. five D. six （3）If you see both French and English on signs, you may be in _________. A. America B. Japan C. France D. Canada （4）What's the best title for the passage? A. A new online game

B. How to travel around the world

C. How to play the game D. How to guess the game 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）D （4）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文介绍了geoguessr一款新的在线旅游游戏。这场比赛很容易打，但几乎不可能获胜。新的在线游戏挑战你的地理技能。短文介绍了如何玩这种游戏，有哪些提示。

（1）细节理解题，根据 The new online game challenges your geography skills. 可知，新游戏挑战你的地理技能，故答案是D。

（2）细节理解题，根据You get five chances to guess the location.可知有五次机会猜测位置，故答案是C。

（3）细节理解题，根据 For example, if both French and English are on signs, Canada might be a good guess. 可知标有英语和法语的标记可能就是加拿大，故答案是D。 （4）标题判断题，文章主要介绍了一款新的有关地理知识的网上游戏软件，故答案是A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和标题判断题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；标题判断题需要在充分理解文章的基础上归纳文章中心，凝练句式得出结论。

15．阅读理解

The other day, I got into a car accident, which was clearly not my fault. The other driver was so busy on his phone that he went right through a red light and hit my car.

A traffic policeman arrived and started taking statements. I explained that my speed was about 55 km/h. \"So you were going about 50 km/h, my lady?\" he asked. \"No, I said I was going about 55 km,/h,\" I said. \"Right, so you were driving at a speed of about 50 km/h?\" he asked again. I was a little annoyed because I felt he wasn't listening to me carefully. So I shouted, \"No! I was going about 55 km/h.\"

\"OK, if that's the way you want it,\" the officer simply replied. Because the city speed limit is 50 km/h, I only got paid from my insurance （保险） company for the damage to my car, but the other driver's insurance company couldn't pay me due to my speed. I didn't realize it at the time, but it turned out I was getting him wrong.

He didn't mention the 5 km/h, but he certainly knew something about the rules of the insurance. Suddenly, I realized that the traffic policeman had been trying to help me out. （1）The best expression to explain the main idea of the passage is. A. the more slowly, the better B. a careless woman driver

C. a traffic policeman tried to offer help D. no lies to anybody else

（2）What happened to the writer that day?

A. She went right through a red light. B. A traffic policeman came near to stop her. C. She made a call while she was driving. D. Her car was hit by another car.

（3）Why couldn't the other driver's insurance company pay the writer? A. Because the traffic policeman had recorded the wrong speed B. Because she drove the car over the speed limit. C. Because the other driver didn't admit to the car accident. D. Because the accident was the writer's fault.

（4）Although it was her choice to insist on telling the truth, the writer ______. A. understood that it was impolite to be angry with others B. would not believe anybody else except herself C. remembered the exact rules of insurance for ever

D. should say \"thank you\" to the traffic policeman instead of acting rudely 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）B （4）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：讲述了“我”曾经发生的一起交通事故，事故中由于“我”超速没有得到全额赔偿，我后悔当时没有理解交警的用意并且对他有些粗鲁。

（1）主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后一句“Suddenly, I realized that the traffic policeman had been trying to help me out.”可知，我意识 到交警是在试图帮助我，故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句 “The other driver was so busy on his phone that he went right through a red light and hit my car.”可知，作者的车被另一辆车撞了，故选D。 （3）细节理解题。根据文中语句“Because the city speed limit is 50 km/h... but the other driver's insurance company couldn’t pay me due to my speed.”以及上文“I explained that my speed was about 55 km/h.”可知，因为作者超速，另一个司机的保险公司没有赔付，故选B。

（4）推理判断题。根据文中语句“...but it turned out I was getting him wrong.”并联系上文推理可知，保险的赔付让 作者明白自己错怪了交警，应对他表示感谢，而不是之前的粗鲁行为，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。