2018年高考英语全国卷I(新课标 I)试题及答案(word)

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I）

英 语 试卷类型A

第Ⅰ卷

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例： How much is the shirt?

A. £ 19.15. B. £ 9.18. C. £ 9.15.答案是C。

1. What will James do tomorrow?

A. Watch a TV program. B. Give a talk. C. Write a report.2. What can we say about the woman?

A. She’s generous. B. She’s curious. C. She’s helpful.3. When does the leave?

A. At 6:30. B. At 8:30. C. At 10:30.4. How does the woman go to work?

A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bike.

5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段

对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What does the woman regret? A. Giving up her research. B. Dropping out of college. C. Changing her major.

7. What is the woman interested in studying now? A. Ecology. B. Education C. Chemistry.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What is the man?

A. A hotel manger. B. A tour guide. C. A taxi driver.9. What is the man doing for the woman? A. Looking for some local foods. B. Showing her around the seaside. C. Offering information about a hotel.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In an office. B. At home. C. At a restaurant.11. What will the speaker do tomorrow evening?

A. Go to a concert. B. Visit a friend. C. Work extra hours.12. Who is Alice going to call? A. Mike. B. Joan. C. Catherine.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. Why does the woman meet the man? A. To look at an apartment. B. To deliver some furniture. C. To have a meal together.

14. What does the woman like about the carpet? A. Its color B. Its design. C. Its quality.15. What does the man say bout the kitchen?

A. It’s a good size. B. It’s newly painted. C. It’s adequately equipped.16. What will the woman probably do nest?

A. Go downtown. B. Talk with her friend. C. Make payment.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. Who is the speaker probably talking to?

A. Movie fans. B. News reporters. C. College students.

18. When did the speaker take English classes? A. Before he left his hometown.B. After he came to America.C. When he was 15 years old.

19. How does the speaker feel about his teacher?

A. He’s proud. B. He’s sympathetic. C. He’s grateful.20. What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. How education shaped his life. B. How his language skills improved. C. How he managed his business well.

第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Washington, D.C. Bicycle Tours

Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. Duration: 3 hours

This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous

cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments wherethey blossom. Reserve your spot before availability – and the cherryblossoms – disappear.

Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour Duration: 3 hours (4 miles)

Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. Duration: 3 hours

Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C.

newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthyway with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with themost interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks.Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线) make cycling between thesites fun and relaxing.

Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour Duration: 3 hours(7 miles)

Join a small group bike tor for an evening for exploration in the heart ofWashington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bikethe sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made forphoto taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includesbike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vestsand safety lights.

21. Which tour do you need to book in advance? A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.

B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour. C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.

22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour? A. Meet famous people. B. Go to a national park.

C. Visit well-known museums. D. Enjoy interesting stories.23. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide? A. City maps. B. Cameras C. Meals D. Safety lights.

B

Good Morning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on thesofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role – showingfamilies how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.

In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week andwith the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce foodwaste, while preparing recipes for under £5 per family a day. And the GoodMorning Britain’s presenter says she’s been able to put a lot of what she’slearnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14,Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.

“We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my own phone from my localMexican takeaway restaurant,” she explains. “ I pay £5 for a portion(一份),but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugarand oil . Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we’re not awarehow cheaply we can make this food ourselves.”

The eight-part series(系列节目), Save Money: Good Food, follows inthe footsteps of ITV’s Save Money: Good Food, which gave viewers adviceon how to value from the vast range of health products on the market.

With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Mattspend time with a different family each week. In tonight’s Easter special they

come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget.The team transforms the family’s long weekend of celebration with lessexpensive but still tasty recipes.

24. What do we know about Susanna Reid? A. She enjoys embarrassing her guests. B. She has started a new programme.

C. She dislikes working early in the morning. D. She has had a tight budget for her family.25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?

A. He buys cooking materials for her. B. He prepares food for her kids. C. He assists her in cooking matters. D. He invites guest families for her.26. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?

A. Summarize the previous paragraphs. B. Provide some advice for the readers.

C. Add some background information. D. Introduce a new topic fordiscussion.

27. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Keeping Fit by Eating Smart B. Balancing Our daily Diet C. Making Yourself a Perfect Chef D. Cooking Well for Less

C

Language have been coming and going for thousands of years, but inrecent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When theworld was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit(联系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world hadjust five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages betweenthem.

Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become

farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. Inrecent centuries, trade, industrialisaton, the development of the nation-stateand the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisationand better communications in the past few decades, all have caused manylanguages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish andChinese are increasing taking over.

At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of theselanguages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have

relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zoneshave lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200

languages; the Americans about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacificperhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.The median number(中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means thathalf the world’s languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to

extinction(消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random.

Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150),Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia(one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance ofsurvival.

28. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times? A. They developed very fast. B. They were large in number.

C. They had similar patterns. D. They were closely connected.

29. Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in paragraph2?

A. Complex B. Advanced C. Powerful D. Modern

30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present？ A. About 6,800. B. About 3,400. C. About 2,400. D. About 1,200.

31. What is the main idea of the text? A. New languages will be created.

B. People’s lifestyle are reflected in languages.

C. Human development results in fewer languages. D. Geography determines language evolution.

D

We may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the firstsight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep usingour old devices(装置) well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for theenvironment—and our wallets – as these outdated devices consume muchmore energy than the newer ones than do the same things.

To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt andher colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York trackedthe environmental costs for each product throughout its life—from when itsminerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provideda readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s.Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile

phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scenein 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVS entered homes in2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.

As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn’t throw out our old ones.“The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids’ room,and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house,” said oneresearcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four perhousehold in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We’re not just keeping these old devices—we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt’s team, olddesktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst deviceswith their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas

emission(排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.32. What does the author think of new devices?

A. They are environmental-friendly. B. They are no better than the old. C. They cost more to use at home. D. They go out of style quickly.33. Why did Babbitt’s team conducted the research? A. To reduce the cost of minerals. B. To test the life cycle of a product.

C. To update consumers on new technology.

D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.

34. Which of the following uses the least energy? A. The box-set TV. B. The tablet.

C. The LCD TV D. The desktop computer.

35. What does the test suggest people do about old electronic devices? A. Stop using them. B. Take them apartC. Upgrade them. D. Recycle them.

第二节 （共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

Color is fundamental in home design – something you’ll always have in

every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the firststeps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you want a room that’s fullof life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a longday? 36 , color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to helpdesigners approach this important point. 37 , they can get a little complex.But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you needto make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and thelarge ones.

38 . They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than

painting your walls and less expensive than buying colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.Medium color choices are gradually furniture pieces such as sofas, dinnertables or bookshelves. 39 . They require a bigger commitment than smallerones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, andfloors. Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort andrelative expense pit into it are significant. 40 .A. While all of them are usefulB. Whatever you’re looking for

C. If you’re experimenting with a color

D. Small color choices are the one we’re most familiar withE. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces

F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time

G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two majorways

第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分45分）

第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。During my second year at the city college, I was told that the educationdepartment was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for threecredits. I

41 the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn’t want to 42 a few dollars? More than that, I’d always wanted to learn chess. And, even ifI weren’t 43 enough about free credits, news about our 44 was appealingenough to me. He was an international grandmaster, which 45 I would belearning from one of the game’s 46 . I could hardly wait to 47 him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning toteach, and this 48 was no game for him; he meant business. In hisintroduction, he made it 49 that our credits would be hard-earned. In orderto 50 the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how weplan to 51 what we would learn in class to our future professionals and, 52 , to our lives. I managed to get an A in that 53 and learned life lessonsthat have served me well beyond the .Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I’m still putting to use whathe 55 me: “The absolute most important 56 that you learn when you play chess is how to make good 57 . On every single move you have to 58 a situation, process what your opponent(对手) is doing and 59 the bestmove from among all your options.” These words still ring true today in my 60 as a journalist.41. A. put forward B. jumped at C. tried out D. turned down42. A. waste B. earn C. save D. pay

43. A. excited B. worried C. moved D. tired

44. A. title B. competitor C. test book D . instructor45. A. urged B. determined C. held D. meant46. A. fastest B. easiest C. best D. rarest47. A. interview B. meet C. challenge D. beat48. A. chance B. qualification C. honor D. job49. A. real B. perfect C. clear D. possible50. A. attend B. pass C. skip D. observe51. A. add B. expose C. apply D. compare

52. A. eventually B. naturally C. directly D. normally53. A. game B. presentation C. course D. experiment

. A. criterion B. classroom C. department D. situation55. A. taught B. wrote C. questioned D. promised56. A. fact B. step C. manner D. skill

57. A. grades B. decisions C impressions D. comments58. A. analyze B. describe C. rebuild D. control59. A. announce B. signal C. block D. evaluate60. A. role B. desire C. concern D. behavior第三部分 英语知识运用

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners livethree years

61 (long) than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce yourrisk of 63 (die) early by running.While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling orswimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced therisk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise … it’sprobably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, doexercises to 68 (strength) your leg muscles(肌肉), avoid hills and getgood running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always 69 (energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the samebenefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try.第四部分 写作 （共两节 满分35分）

第1节 短文改错（10 分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写

的以下作文。

文有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。学科&网

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father tovisit

my grandparents, I find a big change there. The first time I went there, theywere living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Lastwinter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozensof chicken. They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpasaid last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily thattheir life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I plannedto return for every two years, but he agreed.

第二节 书面表达（满分25分）

假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客， 发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮件，内容包括： 1. 到达时间；

2. 合适的礼物； 3. 餐桌礼仪。注意：

1. 词数100左右;

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

2018普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I）

参：

一、听力

1~5 BCCBA 6~10 BABCC 11~15 ABAAC 16~20 BCBCA二、阅读理解（每小题2分，满分20分）

21~23 ADD 24~27 BCCD 28~31BCBC 32~35ADBA 36~40 BADGF

三、完形填空

41~45 BCADD 46~50 CBDCB 51~55 CACBA 56~60 DBADA四、语法填空

61. longer 66. that / which 62. to see 67. causes 63. dying 68. strengthen . is 69. energetic 65. than 70. it / running

五、短文改错

During my last winter holiday, I went to ∧countryside with my father to visit the

my grandparents, I find a big change there. The first time I went there, they were found

living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when other

I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also there chickens

had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned where

quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of selling happy

our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed. and

六、 书面表达Dear Terry,

How are you doing? In your last letter, you asked me about being a guest to a Chinese friend’s home.Now, I am writing to inform you of some relevant details.

To begin with, according to our tradition, you are supposed to arrive early, so that you can help thefamily prepare the dinner, which is not only meaningful but also interesting. Besides, you’d better bringsome gifts, such as a book or a Chinese knot. What’s more, when you are enjoying the meal, you needto avoid making noises while chewing food.

Hopefully, these suggestions would be helpful for you. I have the confidence that you will have agreat time. I am looking forward to your good news. Best wishes!

Yours Li Hua