2016年河北专接本考试《英语》真题及详解

2016年河北专接本考试《英语》真题 (总分100, 考试时间90分钟) 2. Reading Comprehension

1. You feel sad:\" I skip my breakfast and supper. I run every morning and evening. What else can I do?\" Basically you can do nothing. Your genes, not your life habits, determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it. How can obese(肥胖的) people become normal or even thin through dieting? Well, dieting can be effective, but the health costs are tremendous. Charles Steinmetz, a research physician at Duke University, did a study

of ten fat people. They were given liquid formula providing 600 calories a day. After more than 12 weeks, the subjects lost 45 kg on average. But after leaving the hospital, they all regained weight. The results were surprising: by metabolic (新陈代谢的) measurement, fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving. They dreamed of food

or breaking their diet. They were anxious and depressed; some were suicidal. They hid food

in their rooms. Researchers warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesn't result

in normal wight, but in

an abnormal state resembling that of starved non - obese people. Thin people, however, suffer from the opposite: they have to make a great effort to gain weight. William Simmons,

of Washington State University, got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight. In four to six months, they eat as much as they could. They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to

25 percent. But months after the study ended they were back to normal weight and stayed there. This does not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight. It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance

if they want to significantly lower their weight. The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true—each person has a comfortable wight range (范围) . The range might be as much as 9 kg. Someone might weigh 60 - 89 kg without too much effort. But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult. They body resists by feeling hungry or full

and changine the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks.

1. What determines your weight according to the first paragraph?

A Your working manner. B Your eating habit. C Your life style. D You genes. 该问题分值: 2 答案:D

解析：根据文章第一段的最后一句可知答案选D。

2. What did Charles Steinmetz do to the ten fat people in his research?

A He let them live only on liquid food. B He let them skip breakfast.

C He let them run every morning and evening. D He let them skip supper. 该问题分值: 2

答案:A

解析：根据第二段的第三句可知，Charles Steinmetz给1O名肥胖者每天提供只含600卡路里的

流质食物。至于他们是否吃早、晚饭及是否让他们每天早上和晚上跑步等，文中没有提及。

3. What happened to the ten fat people after they left the hospital?

A They went mad. B They killed themselves.

C They were back to the original weight. D They attempted suicide. 该问题分值: 2 答案:C

解析：根据文章第二段，离开医院以后，这些肥胖者又反弹到他们的原始体重，可知正确答案选C。

4. William Simmons made his subjects_________. A battle their genetic inheritance B eat as much as they could C suffer from hunger D lower their weight 该问题分值: 2 答案:B

解析：根据文章第三段可知William Simmons让志愿者通过尽可能地多吃东西来增加体重。

5. What did scientists think was true?

A Each person wants to eat to his or her heart's contents. B Each person has a weight range of 9 kg. C Each person wants to control his or her height. D Each person has a suitable weight range. 该问题分值: 2

答案:D

解析：文章最后一段，科学家们的研究发现证明了他们认为正确的想法：每个人都有一个固定的体重范围。

6. Many people believe the glare from snow causes snow blindness. Yet, wearing dark glasses or not, they find themselves suffering from headaches and watering eyes, and even snow blindness, when exposed to several hours of \"snow light\". The Canadian Army has now determined that glare from snow does not cause snow blindness in troops in a snow - covered country. Rather, a man's eyes frequently find nothing to focus on in a broad expanse of barren snow - covered terrain. So his gaze continually shifts and jumps back and forth over the entire landscape in search of something to look at. Finding nothing, hour after hour, they eyes never stop searching and the eyeballs become sore and the eye muscles ache. Nature offsets this irritation by producing more fluid which covers the eyeball. The fluid covers the eyeball in increasing quantity until vision blurs, then is obscured, and the result is total, even though temporary, snow blindness. Expriments led the Army to a simple method of overcoming this problem. S

couts, ahead of a main body of troops, are trained to shake snow from evergreen bushes, creating a dotted line as they corss completely snow - covered landscape; even the scouts themselves throw lightweight, dark colored objects ahead on which they too can focus. The men following can then see something. Their gaze is arrested. Their eyes focus on a bush and having found something to see, stop scouring the snow - blanketed landscape. By focusing their attention on one object at a time, the men can cross the snow without becoming hopelessly snow blind or lost. In this way the problem of crossing

a solid white terrain is overcome.

6. To prevent headaches, watering eyes and blindness caused by glare from snow, dark glasses are

A indispensable B ineffective C useful

D ease the irritation 该问题分值: 2 答案:B

解析：细节理解题。根据第一段提到“wearing dark glasses or not，they find them—selves suffering from headaches and watering eyes，and even snow blindness，when exposed to several hours of‘snow light’”，戴不戴眼镜都会产生“雪盲”的症状，如眼疼、流泪甚至雪盲，故选B项。

7. When the eyes ache, tears are produced to_________. A loosent the muscles B remedy snow blindness C clear the vision D ease the irritation 该问题分值: 2 答案:D

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Nature offsets this irritation by producing more fluid which covers the eyeball”可知，眼泪的产生是为了缓解刺激，故选D项。

8. Snow blindness may be avoided by_________. A concentrating to the solid white terrain

B searching for something to look at in snow - covered terrain

C providing the eyes with something to focus on D covering the eyeballs with fluid

该问题分值: 2 答案:C

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段，雪盲的产生是因为在雪地里眼睛找不到具体目标，由于寻找不到看的物体才产生雪盲。于是为了避免雪盲的发生，需要给眼睛提供目标物，故选C项。

9. The scouts shake snow from evergreen bushes in order to _________.

A leave the men behind something to see B beautify the landscape C warm themselves in the cold

D prevent the men behind from losing their way 该问题分值: 2 答案:A

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段，“The men following can then see something”可知，是为了给后续部队提供可看的目标物，故选A项。

10. A proper title for this passage would be________ A Snow Blindness and How to Overcome It B Nature's Cure for Snow Blindness C Soldiers in the Snow D Snow Vision 该问题分值: 2 答案:A

解析：主旨大意。本文讲述雪盲，及出现的原因与克服的方法，故选A项。

11. It is common for new students to shared a room with other university students. The number of roommates will depend upon the university, but will range【B1】______ from one to three. The most【B2】______, setting is for two students to share one room. The room will have beds, desks, closets and storage

compartments for personal items, The furnishings will be plain but adequate. A key to【B3】______ in your studies is a good understanding and a positive relationship with your roommate, You will need to learn your roommate's【B4】______ and activities in order to have a positive experience from the beginning. Your roommate