-牛津译林英语-7b-语法专题八-形容词和不定代词

2017-牛津译林英语-7B-语法专题八-形容词和不定代词(总5页)

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Unit 8 Pets 语法专题八：形容词与不定代词

1 核心语法知识梳理 1）形容词

形容词是用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质，特征，状况或属性的词，如：tired, boring, busy, beautiful, easy, difficult, exciting 等。

（1）形容词描述事物作为修饰语，常放在名词前，如： It is a windy day. 那是一个有风的天。

Can you hear a strange noise 你能听到一个奇怪的声音吗

（2）形容词描述事物，和系动词一起用，形容词常放在系动词后，常见的系动词有：

Be, feel, look, sound, taste, smell, become, turn, get, grow, keep, stay, seem等。如：

She is honest and helpful. 她诚实而又乐于助人。 The garden looks so beautiful. 花园看起来很美。 The plan sounds good. 这个计划听起来很好。

拓展：多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：限定词、数词、描绘词（大小、长短、形状、新旧、颜色）、出处、材料性质、用途(类别）、名词。（也可以用deisisa. com.p；来表达）如：

A famous French medical school. An expensive German sports car.

2 不定代词

1）someone/somebody; anyone/anybody; no one/nobody; 都是指代人的不定代词，当我们不确定所谈论的人的名字或者不需要提及他/她的名词时，就可以用这些不定代词。

（1）someone/somebody 用来表示“一个未指明的或未知的人”，常用肯定句。如：

Somebody gave you a ticket for the pop concert. 有人给了你一张流行音乐会的门票。

（2）anyone/anybody 可以表示“任何人” 或“不确定的某个人”。当表达第一种意思时，可用于肯定句；第二种意思则用于疑问句和否定句。

Anyone will tell you where the post office is. 谁都会告诉你邮局在哪儿。（任何一个人）

（3）no one/nobody 意为“没有人，没有任何人”。no one常用语书面语，nobody在口语中更常用。如：

no one/nobody Nobody knew what to do. 谁也不知道该做什么。

（4）someone/somebody; anyone/anybody; no one/nobody; 都具有单数意义，因此后面要接单数谓语动词。如：

Someone is waiting for you in the playground. 有人在操场等你。

（5）它们可有所有格形式，指代某个人所拥有的东西，相应的代词一般也用单数。如：

I don’t want to waste anyone’s time. 我不想浪费任何人的时间。

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2 something, anything, nothing

1) something, anything, nothing 常指代物，代表我们不确定的某样东西或我们不需要提及名词的某样东西。

2）something用来表示“一个未指明的或未知的物”，常用于肯定句。如： Something is better than nothing. 有总比没有好。

3）anything可以表示“任何东西/事物”或“不一定是哪一件东西/事情”。当表达第一种意思时，可用于肯定句；第二种意思则用于疑问句和否定句。如：

Is there anything in the bag 袋子里有东西吗 4）nothing表示否定意义。如：

I’ve got nothing to say. 我没有什么话可以说。 5）形容词修饰不定代词时常位于其后，作后置定语。如：

We’re looking for someone special. 我们在寻找一个特殊的人。

6）一般来说，something用于肯定句，anything用于否定句和疑问句； 但在说话人认为对方确实需要某物或该做某事而希望得到肯定答复时，在问句中用something. 如：

Can you do something for me I really need your help.

你能为我做件事吗？我真的需要你的帮助。（某件很确定的事，而且希望对方能答应）

Have you got anything interesting 你有没有什么有趣的东西 （任何有趣的东西，而且不确定对方会有什么样的答复）

3 巩固练习

一、根据汉语完成句子，每空一词

1 我没有看到房子里有任何人/任何东西。

I _______ _______ _______ anybody/anyone/anything in the house. 2 今天每个人都到了吗？

I _______ _______ today？ 3 金鱼很安静且容易照料。

Goldfish are quiet and _______ _______ _______ _______. 4 一只懒猫正睡在沙发上。

A lazy cat _______ _______ _______ _______ _______. 5 这只猫是懒的。

The cat _______ _______. 6 我看到房子里有人。

I _______ _______ in the house.

Keys: 1 did not see 2 everybody here 3 easy to look after 4 is sleeping on the sofa 5 is lazy 6 saw somebody

二、单选选择

1 John, where did you have _____ lunch yesterday? A the B a C an D your

2 I usually sleep with the windows ______ if it isn’t cold. A closed B closing C open D opening

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3 Thank you for _______ my cat when I was away.

A look after B looking after C look for D looking for 4 Goldfish are ______.

A easily to look after B easily to look after them C easy to look after D easy to look after them 5 My father tells me not to spend much time _____ my cat.

A playing B to play C to play with D playing with 6 If you are still hungry, why not have ______ milk and bread? A more much B some more C any more D many more 7 --Have you read today’s newspaper?

--Yes. It’s really boring. There is _____ in it.

A something new B nothing new C anything new 8 Eddie has ______ to do, and he sleeps all day long.

A everything B something C anything D nothing 9 --Look, _____ is dancing under the tree. --Oh, that’s my cousin, Anna.

A everybody B anybody C nobody D somebody 10 ____ in the room knew me, but I didn’t know______.

A Every; him B Everyone; them C Every one; those

11 The air in Dongying is much worse than that in many other cities. We must do ____ to protect our environment.

A nothing B anything C something D everything

12 This work needs teamwork. _____ will be achieved if we don’t work together.

A Nothing B Anything C Something D Everything 13 --Where would you like to go this Mid-autumn Festival? --I’d like to go______.

A everywhere relaxing B somewhere relaxing C peaceful anywhere D peaceful somewhere

14 I didn’t see ____ in the classroom. Where were the students?

A somebody B nobody C everybody D anybody

15 My computer doesn’t work. There is ______ wrong with it. A nothing B something C anything D everything 16 It’s _____ to pull the cat’s ear. So be careful. A interesting B angry C fun D dangerous 17 You should ____ sorry to her. You made her cry.

A speak B tell C say D talk 18 --Oh, the fried food is _____ tasty. ---But I think you can’t eat______.

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A much too; too much B much too; much too C too much; too much D too much; much too

19 --We will build a subway in Fuzhou before 2014. --Wow, ______! Will it pass our place?

A What an excited news B how excited the news is C What exciting news D how exciting news

20 --My son seldom has ______ breakfast.

--It is _____ unhealthy habit. You must ask him to change it. A /; an B the; an C /; a D the; a

21 --Here are three books on history. Which one would you like to borrow?

--______. You see, I’m interested in geography these days. A All B None C Both D Each

22 My uncle’s dog was in the garden. I saw him _____ under the tree.

A to lie B lying C lied D is lying

23 --Have you got the ______ news about the World Cup?

--Yes, I’m so _____ because my favourite team has won again.

A exciting; exciting B excited; excited C exciting; excited D excited; exciting

24 --______ weather! Shall we go to the park? --______. Let’s go.

A What a fine; Sounds great B What fine; Sounds great C What a fine; You’re right D What fine; You are right

25 --How much do you usually ____ on food and clothes every month? --About 600 yuan.

A take B cost C spend D pay

26 Look! There are _____ people in the supermarket.

A two thousands of B thousand of C two thousand of D thousands of

27 --Summer holiday is coming! _____ will you go to Hainan for a trip? --In a few weeks.

A How long B How far C How soon D How often

28 --Excuse me! You can’t take photos here. Look at the sign. It says” NO PHOTOS”.

--Sorry, I ______ see it and I _____ do it.

A didn’t; won’t B don’t; won’t C won’t; won’t D don’t; don’t

29 Is the computer______ We don’t have _______ to buy it.

A enough cheap; enough money B cheap enough; enough money C enough cheap; money enough D cheap enough; money enough 30 --I visited the Purple Mountain Observatory last Sunday. --____ Why didn’t you tell me earlier、

A You did B I hope so. C Have a good time. D It’s kind of you.

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Keys: 1-5 DCBCD 6-10 BBDDB 11-15 CABDB 16-20 DCACC 21-25 BBCBC 26-30 DCABA

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