750 催化学报 一>一 第28卷 一。> 0 8 % 6 4 2 图3是以氨气为燃料的电池在800℃时的稳定 性实验.结果表明,电池电压保持在0.68 V时,电 流密度一直稳定在242 mA/cm ,100 h内电池性能 没有明显的降低,开路电压稳定在1.06 V. 量 垦 图1 YSZ.LsM/Ysz/Ni.YSZ单电池截面的电镜照片 Fig 1 SEM image of cross section of the YSZ—LSM/YSZ/Ni—YSZ cell 占 图2给出了分别以氢气和氨气为燃料的电池性 能对比.从图2(a)可以看出,以氢气为燃料,800 ℃时电池的开路电压为1.07 V,在415 mA/cm 时 获得最大功率密度202 mW/cm .而以氨气为燃料 (图2(b)),800℃时开路电压为1.06 V,电流密度 一>一懿 一。> 0 8 % 6 图3 800℃时以氨为燃料的电池性能稳定性实验 Fig 3 Stability of the cell fueled by ammonia at 800℃ 4 2 以气相色谱仪(配有Porapak—Q柱和13X柱,热 导检测器)在线检测电池阳极尾气时,没有发现 NO ,只检测到N2和未反应完的H2.由于金属镍 本身是氨分解的优良催化剂[9,10],在电池操作条件 下,氨在到达电解质界面前就完全分解成N2和H2. 为350 mA/cm 时获得峰值功率密度200 mW/cm . 从电池性能比较来看,由于N,的稀释作用,氨燃料 的开路电压略低于氢燃料的开路电压,操作温度越 高,电池性能越接近. ( 日u\_vuIj茸∞口0q 2≥u 0 一..…._ 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 …。0 100 200 300 400 500 600 _ 700 Currentdensity(mA/cm ) Current densiy(tmAlcm ) 图2分别以氢气和氨气为燃料的电池性能对比 Fig 2 Comparison of performance of the cell fueled by hydrogen(a)and ammonia(b)at 650(1),700(2),and 800℃(3) 维普资讯 http://www.cqvip.com 第9期 张丽敏等:直接氨固体氧化物燃料电池 751 以上结果充分说明,采用真空浸涂法制备薄而 致密的电解质膜是可行的.在固体氧化物燃料电池 操作条件下,氨气首先在镍基阳极上分解为N2和 H ,H2参与电池反应,N2不参与电池反应,没有 4 Wojcik A,Middleton H,Damopoulos I,Van Herle J. J Power Sources,2003,118(1—2):342 5 McFarlan A,Pelletier L,Maffei N.J Electrochem Soc, 2004,151(6):A930 6 Maffei N,Pelletier L,Charland J P,McFarlan A.J Power NO 生成.因此,氨气可以作为固体氧化物燃料电 池的替代燃料. 参 考 文 献 1 Minh N Q.JAm Ceram Soc,1993,76(3):563 2 Singhal S C.Solid State Ionics,2000,135(1-4):305 3 Farr R D,Vayenas C G.J Electrochem Soc,1980,127 Sources,2005,140(2):264 7 Ma Q L,Peng R R,Lin Y J,Gao J F,Meng G Y. J Power Sourc ̄,2006,161(1):95 8 Fournier G G M.Cumming I W,Hellgardt K.J Power Sources,2006,162(1):198 9 Li X K,Ji W J,Zhao J,Wang S J,Au C T.J Catal, 2005,236(2):181 (7):1478 10 MeCabe R W.J Catal,1983,79(2):445 A Direct Ammonia Tubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ZHANG Limin 一,CONG You ,YANG Weishen ,LIN Liwu (1 State Key Laboratory of Catalysis,Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics,The Chinese Academy of Sciences,Dalian 1 1 6023, Liaoning,China;2 Graduate University f oChinese Academy f oSciences,Beijing 1 00049,China) Abstract:A Ni—anode—supported tubular solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC)with a dense yttria—stabilized zirconia (YSZ)thin film was fabricated.The YSZ film was prepared using the vacuum—assisted dip—coating method.The performance of the single SOFC—.based system running on ammonia was compared with that running on hydro.. gen.At 800℃,the peak power densities were 202 and 200 mW/cm2 with hydrogen and ammonia as the fuel。 respectively.A GC analysis of the effluent from the anode showed considerable amounts of nitrogen and hydro— gen,but no trace of NOz,when using ammonia as the fue1.The ammonia performance is comparable to hydro— gen,suggesting that ammonia can be an attractive alternative fue1. Key words:ammonia;vacuum—assisted dip—coating;anode—supported tube;solid oxide fuel cell (Ed ChRH)
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