27、现在完成时练习题及答案

一、时态讲解：现在完成时

（1）构成：现在完成时由助动词 have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。has用于第三人称单数,have用于其他各种人称.

现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以study 为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：

否定式 I have not (haven’t) studied…. You have not (haven’t) studied…. He has not (hasn’t) studied…. 否定疑问式 Have I not (Haven’t I) studied…? Have you not (Haven’t you) studied…? Has he not (Hasn’t he) studied…? 其用法主要有三种

I.“已完成”用法 :表示一个过去发生并结束的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 这一类情况可以细致分为下述两种情况。

1）表示开始于过去的动作刚刚结束。常和just，now，already，yet，not…yet等不确定的时间状语连用。 Li Ming has just turned off the light. 李明刚刚把灯关上。（说明现在灯关上了）

I've finished my homework now. 现在我已经做完作业了。（说明可以交作业或做别的了） 2）表示过去动作的结果，现在仍残留着。一般不用时间状语。

I have lost my pen. 我把笔丢了。 （说明过去某时丢的，现在我还没找到这支笔） She has become a teacher. 她已经当了老师。（说明她现在仍是老师）

II.“未完成”用法。表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，持续到现在，可能继续下去，也可能刚刚结束。常和表示一段时间的状语连用。如today，this week（month），lately，recently，these days，in the past few days，during the last two weeks，since，since yesterday，since 2 days ago，since 1991，for a long time，for a month，so far，up to now，till（until） now等。

He has lived here for 30 years. 他住在这儿三十年了。（现在还住在这儿） They've known each other since childhood. 他们从小彼此相识。（现在还在往来）

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疑问式 Have I studied…? Have you studied…? Has he studied…? 简单回答（肯定/否定） Yes, you have. No, you haven’t. Yes, I have. No, I haven’t. Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t.

How long have you studied English？ 你学英语多久了？（现在仍在学）

III.经验性用法:表示从过去开始到目前为止这段时间中反复发生的动作或多次出现的状态。 常与频度副词如often,always,every week,twice等连用。 I have been to the Summer Palace twice. 我曾经去过颐和园两次。 He has always said so.他总是这么说.

（2）用法：

1）现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。

My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。 I’m sure we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。 She has arrived. 她到了。

2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, already, just, lately, for…, since…,yet等。如：

I haven’t heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。 We haven’t seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。 They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。

She has been with us since Monday. ★注意：

a) since和for的区别

since后接时间点，如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got there for后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。 Exercise: 用since和for填空

1. Jim has been in Ireland ______ Monday. 2. Jill has been in Ireland ______ three days. 3. His aunt has lived in Australia ______15 days.

4. Mary is in her office. She has been there ______ 7 o'clock. 5. India has been an independent country ______1974. 6. The bus is late. They've been waiting ______ 20 minutes.

7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ______ many years. 8. Mike has been ill ______a long time. He has been in hospital ______ October. 1. since 2. for 3. for 4. since 5. since 6. for 7. for 8. since

2）表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说： He has come here for 2 weeks. ×

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The old man has died for 4 months. × They have left only for 5 minutes. × 以上三句话可以改为：

He has been here for 2 weeks.

The old man has ______ _______ for 4 months. They have _____ _____ only for 5 minutes

2）have (has) been 和have (has) gone的区别：表示“曾到过某地”要用 “have (has) been”; 表示“已经去某地”要用 “have (has) gone”。 I. have been(to)与have gone( to)的区别：

have been(to)表示“去过某地（现在已经回来了）”，可用于各人称； have gone(to)表示“去某地了（说话时某人不在当地）”，常用于第三人称， 前者可与once ,never,several times等连用，后者则不能。 如： They have been to Beijing twice.他们去过北京两次。

He has gone to Beijing . 他去北京了。 试比较：

Where has he been? 他刚才到哪里去了？（已经回来了） Where has he gone? 他上哪儿去了？（人不在）

They have been to Canada. 他们到过加拿大。（现在已经不在加拿大）

They have gone to Canada. 他们到加拿大去了。（可能在路上和已经到加拿大）.

3）现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I came in，但可以和already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never等连用。

I现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是，在强调动作产生的后果和影响时，可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。 a. 用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。 如：We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。

They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。 b. 用ever和never.多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未“等。 如： -Have you ever been to the Great Wall?你曾经去过长城吗?

-I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。

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c. 用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语，如just, before, up to now, the past few years等。 例如：I have seen her before,but I can not remember where. 我以前见过她，但记不起在哪里见过。

He has been there three times the last few days. 近几天他去过那里三次了。

d. 用包括“现在”在内的时间状语，如now,today,this morning(month,year,term)等。例如：-Have you met him

today?-No,I haven't. 今天你见过他吗？我没有。

How many times have you been there this year? 今年你去过那里多少次？

II短暂性动词不能和表一段时间的时间状语连用。如：come, go, arrive, reach, hear, close, leave, begin, start, lose, buy, fall, join, die, get up等。但如果要保留表一段时间的时间状语，必须将动词改为延续性动词。 II.

不可延续性动词现在完成时的否定式，已变成一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。

现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换 如： fall asleep (ill) →be asleep (ill)

get to know→ know begin,(start)→ be on open →be open buy→ have get up→ be up die→ be dead go out→ be out come→ be in close→be closed arrive→be here join→be in, be a +名词 finish( end )→be over leave, move →be away, borrow →keep go to school→be a student catch(a cold)→ have(a cold) begin to study→study come back→be back put on→wear 或be on

如：He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。 His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世二年了。 The film has been on for 5 minutes.电影已开始五分钟了。

We have studied English for three years. 我们（开始）学英语已三年了。

如： I haven't left here since 1997.自从1997年以来，我一直没有离开过这儿。 （错）I have received his letter for a month. （对）I haven't received his letter for almost a month.

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例如：

She has already come. 她已经来了。 I haven’t read it yet. 我还没读过这个。 I have met him before. 我从前曾见过他。

Ma Hong has always been a good student. 马红一直是个好学生。 I have often seen him in the street. 我经常在街上看见他。 They have never been to Yan’an. 他们从未去过延安。 I haven't seen him lately. 我近来没看到他。 Exercise:

I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form.

1. I____ already ____ (see) the film. I ________ (see) it last week. 2. _____ he ____ (finish) his work today? Not yet.

3. My father ____ just ____ (come) back from work. He is tired now. 4. Where’s Li Ming ? He __________ (go) to the teacher’s office. 5. I __________ (work) here since I ______ (move) here in 1999. 6. So far I _______________(make) quite a few friends here.

7. How long ________ the Wangs ______________(stay) here ? For two weeks. 8. I ________ just ___________ (finish) my homework. 9. He ________ (go) to school on foot every day. 10.____ you ______ (find) your science book yet? 11. If it ____ (be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you.

12. The students ____________ (read) English when the teacher came in. 13. Look! The monkey __________ (climb) the tree. 14. My mother __________ (come) to see me next Sunday.

15. I've lost my pen. _________ you ________ (see) it anywhere?

1. have, seen, saw 2. Has, finished 3. has, come 4. has gone 5. have worked, moved 6. have made 7. have, stayed 8. have, finished 9. goes 10. have, found 11. is 12. were reading 13. is climbing 14. is coming 15. Have, seen

II. Choose the best answer. 1. How long have you _______ here?

A. come B. got C. arrived D. been 2. My grandpa died _________.

A. at the age of my 2

B. for 2 years

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C. when I was 2. D. my age was 6.

3. Jane has _____ to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow.

A. been B. gone C. went D. never been 4. It is ten years _____ I last saw her.

A. after B. since C. for D. that

5.--Who will go to the station to meet Lorry? --I will. I _____ her several times.

A. met B. have met C. had met

D. will meet

6. --What a nice dress! How long _____ you _____ it? --Just 2 weeks.

A. will, buy B. did, buy C. are, having D. have, had

7.--Do you know Lydia very well?

--Yes, She and I _____ friends since we were very young. A. have made

B. have become

C. have been

D. have turned

8. The Smiths _______ in China for 8 years.

A. has lived B. lived C. have been

D. live

9. --Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black? -- Sorry. He ______ the Bainiao Park.

A. has been to B. has gone to C. went to D. will go to 10. --____ you ever ____ to the US? -- Yes, twice.

A. Have, gone B. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, going

III. Rewrite the sentences.

1. I have been to Macau before. (改为否定句) I _________ _________ been to Macau before.

2. He hasn’t come to school because he was ill. (就划线部分提问) ______ _______ he come to school?

3. I bough a new bike just now. (用just改写) I ____ just ____ a new bike.

4. We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句) We ____ ____English ____three years

5. He has never surfed, _______ _______? （改成反意疑问句）

6. They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问) _______ _______have they been here?

7. The old man _________ last year. He has _______ _______for a year. (die) （动词填空）

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8. Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)

Miss Gao has _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.

Ask the questions

1) I have been there for two days.

__________ _________ __________ you __________ __________? 2) My father has lived here since 2000.

_________ _________ __________ your father _________ __________? 3) He left here yesterday.

_________ ________ he _________ __________? 4) They bought a book two hours ago.

__________ ___________ they __________ a book?

Keys: 1. How long have, been there 2. How long has, lived here 3. When did, leave here 4. When did, buy

Use “never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since” to fill in the blanks. 1. I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him. 2. Jack has _________ finished his homework.

3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.

4. “Have you ________ seen the film?” “No, I have ________ seen it.” 5. “Has the bus left _______?” “Yes, it has _________ left.”

Keys: 1. never 2. just , already 3. for 4. ever, never 5. yet , just / already

现在完成时练习题及答案 一、翻译下列句子：

你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？ 2. 我刚刚丢了我的化学书。 3. 我以前从来没去过那个农场。 4. 他已经吃过午饭 5. 你已经看过这部电影了吗？ 6. 我哥哥还没回来。

7.这本字典我已买了三年了。 8.他离开中国三年了。 9.我认识他们五年了。

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10.他们已去了美国五年了。 11.自从他搬到济宁，他就住这儿了。 12.我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。 13.自从1999年以来他们就认识。 14.我来到这个学校已3年多了。

二、用since和for填空

1.______two years 2.____two years ago 3.___last month 4.______ 1999

5._______yesterday 6._______ 4 o’clock 7 4 hours 8._____an hour ago 9. ___we were children 10._____ lunch time 11.____ she left here

12. He has lived in Nanjing ___ the year before last. 13. I’ve known him ______ we were children.

14. Our teacher has studied Japanese ______ three years. 15. She has been away from the city ______ about ten years. 16. It’s about ten years __________ she left the city.

三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语。 ① arrive at / in sp / get to / reach sp / come / go / move to sp → be in sp / at school / at home / on the farm / be here / be there

1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago.He Beijing for . 2) I moved to the USA in 2008. I the USA since . 3) I went home yesterday. I home for . 4) They came here last week. They ___________ here since _____________.

② come to / go back to / return to→ be back to go out → be out 1) He came out two years ago.He ______________ for ____________.

2) We return to Beijing yesterday.We ___ ____________ to Beijing since __________.

③ become → be

1) I became a teacher in 2000. I ________________ a teacher for _________________. 2) The river became dirty last year. The river _______ _______ dirty for _______ ________.

④ close → be closed open → be open

1) The shop closed two hours ago. The shop _______________ ______ for _________________.

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2) The door opened at six in the morning.The door ________ ________ ________ for six hours.

⑤ get up → be up； die → be dead； leave sp. → be away from sp.

fall asleep / get tot sleep → be asleep； finish / end → be over；marry → be married； 1) I got up two hours ago.I ________ ______ _______since _______________.

2) He left Shanghai just now.He _______ _____________ ______ Shanghai for five minutes. 3) My grandpa died in 2002.My grandpa _______ _____ ______for _______ ________. 4) The meeting finished at six.The meeting ________ ______ ______ for six hours. 5) I got to sleep two hours ago .I ________ _____ ___ since _________ _________. 6) They married in 1990. They ________ _________ __________since _________.

⑥ start / begin to do sth. → do sth. ；begin → be on

1) I began to teach at this school in 1995. I ____ ____ at this school since ____. 2) The film began two minutes ago. The film ____ ____ ____ for ____ ____. ⑦ borrow → keep； lose → not have ；buy → have ；put on → wear catch / get a cold → have a cold； get to know → know

1) They borrowed it last week. They __________it since _____________. 2) I bought a pen two hours ago. I ____________a pen for _____________. 3) I got to know him last year. I ___________ him since ___________. 4) I put on my glasses three years ago. I _________ my glasses for ______________.

⑧have / has gone to → have been in

He has gone to Beijing.He _____________ Beijing for two days.

⑨ join the league / the Party / the army → be a league member /a Party member / a soldier → be a member of the league / the Party → be in the league / the Party / the army 1) He joined the league in 2002.

He _________________ a _________________ for two years. He ___________ a _________ the ________ for two years. He _______________________ the league for two years. 2) My brother joined the army two years ago.

My brother _________a ________ for ___________ ___________. My brother ___________ in ___________ for two years. 四、划线提问

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1) I have been there for two days.

__________ _________ __________ you __________ __________ ? 2) My father has lived here since 2000.

_________ _________ __________ your father _________ __________? 3) He left here yesterday.

_________ ________ he _________ __________? 4) They bought a book two hours ago.

__________ ___________ they __________ a book

五、用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。 A: Where ____________ Li Fei ___________? B: He ____________ to Hainan Island.

A: How long ___________ he ___________ there? B: He _____________ there for three days. A: When will he come back , do you know? B: I’m afraid he won’t come back recently. A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island? B: Sorry, I _________ never ___________ there.

A: How many times ___________ Li Fei __________ to that place? B: He _____________ there only once.

六、用have / has been to / in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空。 1) Where is Jack? He __________ his country. 2) David ________ the park just now. 3) John _______ England since he came back. 4) How long _____ they _____ this village? 5) The Smiths ______ Beijing for years.

6) _____ you ever ____ America? -- Yes, I _____ there many times. 7) I _____ this school since three years ago. 8) Where is Jim? He _____ the farm.

9) When_____ he _____? He _______ an hour ago.

10) Would you like to _____ to the zoo with me? ---Yes, but I _____ there before. 11) Where _____ you _____ now? --- I ____ to the zoo. 12) He often _____ swimming.

13) _____ you ______ there last year?

14) _____ they often ______ skating in winter?

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七 用never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空

1. I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him. 2. Jack has _________ finished his homework.

3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.

4. “Have you ________ seen the film?” “No, I have ________ seen it.” 5. “Has the bus left _______?” “Yes, it has _________ left.”

八. 用适当的时态填空：

1.She’s _____________ (live) here ever since she was ten. 2.Both of them ________________ (be) in Hongkong for ten days. 3.Both of them ____________ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago.

4. Half an hour __________ (pass) since the train __________ (leave). 5. Mary________(lose) her pen. ________ you _______(see) it here and there? 6. _________ you _____ (find) your watch yet?

7. ---Are you thirsty? ---No I _________just _________ (have) some orange. 8. We ---- already _________ (return) the book.

9. ________ they _______ (build) a new school in the village? 10. I _____________(not finish) my homework . Can you help me? 11. My father _____ (read) the novel twice. 12. I _________ (buy) a book just now. 13. I _________ (lost ) my watch yesterday.

14. My father ___________ (read) this book since yesterday.

现在完成时态练习题答案 一．翻译下列句子：

1. Have you ever had / eaten fish and chips? 2. I have just lost my chemistry book. 3. I have never been to the farm before.

4. He has already had lunch = He has had lunch already. 5. Have you seen the movie yet?

6. My brother hasn’t come /get / been back yet = My brother hasn’t returned yet.7. I have had this dictionary for three years / since three years ago. 8. Has been away from China for three years. 9. I have known them for five years. 10. They have been in the USA for five years. 11. He has been here since he moved to Jining.

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12. My sister has been a college student for three years = My sister has been in college for three years.

13. They have known each other since 1999.

14. I have been in this school for over three years. 二、用since或者for填空

1. for 2. since 3. since 4. since 5. since 6. since 7. for 8 since 9.since 10. since 11. since 12.since 13. since 14.for 15.for 16. since

三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语

① 1. has been in , five minutes 2. have been in , 2008 3. have been at, two days 4. have been , last week ② 1. have been out, two years 2. have been back , yesterday ③ 1. have been , nine years 2. has been , two years ④ 1. has been closed , two hours 2. has been open

⑤ 1. have been up , two hours ago 2. has been away from

3. has been dead , seven years 4. has been over

5. have been asleep , two hours ago 6. have been married , 1990 ⑥ 1. have taught , 1995 2. has been on , two minutes ⑦ 1. have kept , last week 2. have had , two hours 3. have known , last years 4. have worn , three years ⑧ has been in

⑨ has been , League member has been , member of , League

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has been in

2. has been , soldier , two years has been , the army

四、划线提问

1. How long have, been there 2. How long has , lived here 3. When did , leave here 4. When did , buy 五、用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。 A: Where has Li Fei gone? B: He has gone to Hainan Island. A: How long has he been there? B: He has been there for three days. A: When will he come back, do you know? B: I’m afraid he won’t come back recently. A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island? B: Sorry, I have never been there.

A: How many times has Li Fei been to that place? B: He has been there only once.

六、用have / has been to / in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空。 1. has gone t 2. went to 3. has been in 4. have , been in

5. have been in 6. Have , been to ; have been 7. have been in / at 8. has gone to 9. did go ; went 10. go ; have been 11. are , going ; am going 12. goes 13. Did , go 14. Do , go 七、综合练习:

1. never 2. just , already 3. for 4. ever, never 5. yet , just / already 八. 用适当的时态填空：

1. lived / has been living 2. have been 3. went 4. has passed ; left

5. has lost ; have , seen 6. Have , found 7. have , had 8. have , returned 9. Have , built 10. haven’t finished 11. has read 12. bought 13. lost 14. have been reading / has read

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二.单项选择。

1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they ______what's happened to him . A. knew B. have known C. must know D.will know 2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ? A. already B.never C.ever D.still 3、Have you met Mr Li ______？

A. just B. ago C.before D. a moment ago 4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year . A. is writing B.was writing C.wrote D.has written 5、—Our country ______ a lot so far . —Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .

A.has changed ; well B.changed ; good C.has changed ; better D.changed ; better 6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .

A. was ; studying B. will ; study C. has ; studied D. are ; studying 7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .

A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew 8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I______ it twice . A.will see B.have seen C.saw D.see 9、—These farmers have been to the United States . —Really ? When _____ there ?

A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone 10、—______ you ___ your homework yet ? —Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .

A.Did ; do ; finished B.Have ; done ; finished C.Have ; done ; have finished D.will ; do ; finish 11、His father ______ the Party since 1978 .

A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in 12、—Do you know him well ?

— Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .

A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made 13、—How long have you ____ here ? —About two months .

A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived

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14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .

A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began 15、It _____ ten years since he left the army . A. is B. has C. will D. was 16、 Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library . A.has gone B. went C.will go D. has been 17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .

A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been 18.The students have cleaned the classroom, ? A. so they B. don’t they C. have they D. haven’t they

19、 has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China? A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived 20.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _____ for 20 minutes. A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away 21.The factory ____ since the February of 1988.

A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened 22.Mary and Rose ____friends since they met in 2000.

A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become 23.You mustn't_____ until he comes back. A. be away B. leave C. be left 24.The meeting _____ for a week now.

A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over 25.Miss Gao ______ this school for nearly 5 years. A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught 26.Ben ______ a teacher for 4 years .

A. has been B. has become C. was D. became 27. I ______ home for a week.

A. have returned B. have been back C. returned 三.用never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空

1. I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him. 2. Jack has _________ finished his homework.

3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.

4. “Have you ________ seen the film?” “No, I have ________ seen it.” 5. “Has the bus left _______?” “Yes, it has _________ left.”

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四.用适当的时态填空：

1.She’s _____________ (live) here ever since she was ten. 2.Both of them ________________ (be) in Hongkong for ten days. 3.Both of them ____________ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago. 4. Half an hour __________ (pass) since the train __________ (leave). 5. Mary________(lose) her pen. ________ you _______(see) it here and there? 6. _________ you _____ (find) your watch yet?

7. ---Are you thirsty? ---No I _________just _________ (have) some orange. 8. We already _________ (return) the book. 9. ________ they _______ (build) a new school in the village? 10. I _____________(not finish) my homework . Can you help me? 11. My father _____ (read) the novel twice. 12. I _________ (buy) a book just now. 13. I _________ (lost ) my watch yesterday.

14. My father ___________ (read) this book since yesterday. 五、划线提问

1) I have been there for two days. __________ _________ __________ you __________ __________ ? 2) My father has lived here since 2000. _________ _________ __________ your father _________ __________? 3) He left here yesterday. _________ ________ he _________ __________? 4) They bought a book two hours ago. __________ ___________ they __________ a book 六.翻译下列句子：

1.你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？ 2. 我刚刚丢了我的化学书。 3. 我以前从来没去过那个农场。 4. 他已经吃过午饭. 5. 你已经看过这部电影了吗？ 6. 我哥哥还没回来。

7.这本字典我已买了三年了。 8.他离开中国三年了。 9.我认识他们五年了。

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