新标准大学英语综合教程第七单元reading-practise

新标准大学英语综合教程第七单元reading-practise

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You must have heard the saying, \"You are what you eat.\" But did you know that what you think is equally as important? In fact, a positive outlook on life is one of the most important things we can do to keep our brain healthy and ready for learning. How we view ourselves, how we perceive the world around us, and how we interact with others can have profound effects on our overall well-being and on our brains. The good news is that all of these are completely within our control. No matter what challenges we face, we can choose to start each day by looking at the glass as half full, rather than half empty. The way you look at your life indeed plays an important role in your entire life.

Research shows that older adults may naturally tune into the positive aspects of life. This could be because they want to make the most out of their remaining years and so choose not to focus on the negative. In fact, a study at Stanford University, which used a brain imaging

technology called functional magnetic resonance (磁共振) imaging (FMRI) to track patterns of activity in the brain, found that older adults are more responsive to positive images than to negative ones.

Compared to younger adults, people aged 70 to 90 showed greater activity in the amygdala (扁桃体)—the brain region central to emotional processing—when they looked at pictures of people expressing positive emotions versus negative ones. This finding demonstrates something psychologists and sociologists have long recognized: as we get older we tend to experience fewer negative emotions, and we are more likely to remember positive emotional stimulant. In other words, older people often tune out the negative, while focusing on the positive. 1.

According to the passage, we should

________________ in order to keep our brain healthy. A. do more research on the function of our brain

B. do more physical exercises

C. hold a positive outlook on our life D. learn more and more knowledge

2.

Which of the following could NOT influence our overall well-being and our brains according to the passage? A. How we perceive the world around us. B. How we do exercises. C. How we view ourselves.

D. How we interact with others.

3.

What does the sentence \"start each day by looking at the glass as half full, rather than half empty\" mean?

A. We should hold a positive attitude toward our life. B. We should do more research before giving the conclusion.

C. We should look into the essence through phenomenon. D. We should not only focus on the appearance.

4.

According to the research, ________________ tend to take a positive view on life. A. youth

B. middle-aged person C. older adults

D. children

5.

What is the role of amygdala in our body?

B. sandwiches C. those words D. starving souls

10. In the end the woman laughed and

________________. A. felt happy to accept the author's help B. was pleased to have something to eat C. found the author's words funny

D. refused to accept the author's help

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage or dialog.

In criminal law, parole refers to the release of a person convicted of crime from imprisonment before the

expiration of the term of confinement on condition that a pledge (保证) of good conduct is given by the criminal. The word parole is also broadly used to denote such a conditional release or period of liberty. Parole is usually granted to a prisoner in recognition of past good conduct, both in prison and earlier. A sentenced criminal may be released on parole before the maximum limit of the prison term has been reached, either on the expiration of the minimum term or some other shorter term fixed by statute on condition of good behavior.

The release in such case is not an absolute discharge, such as that received as a matter of right on the expiration of the full term, but is conditional on the due performance of the parolee's pledge.

During the parole period the parolee is required to report from time to time to prison authorities or to a parole officer whose custody he or she was assigned when released. Other stipulations (约束) of parole include avoiding

association with known criminals and remaining within a certain locality. For a violation of parole within the time limit, the parolee is liable to be apprehended and returned to prison to serve out the full or maximum term.

11. According to the passage, what does \"parole\" mean?

A. The release of a prisoner after serving out the full term.

B. The release of a prisoner after he has made this promise of good behavior. C. The release of a prisoner after he has helped someone in the prison. D. The release of a prisoner after he has made serious

mistakes.

12. A sentenced criminal may be released on parole on

________________. A. the expiration of the minimum term B. the expiration of the maximum term C. the expiration of the full term D. the expiration of the ten-year term

13. Which of the following statements is true?

A. Parole is an absolute discharge.

B. Parole is the final goal for the prisoners.

C. Parole is the conditional release for the prisoners. D. Parole can be got by all the prisoners.

14. During the parole period, the parolee is required to

________________.

A. report from time to time to the prison authorities

B. live in another city far from the prison C. regain the association with known criminals D. go back to the prison once a month

15. If the parolee committed a crime again within the time

limit, he should ________________.

A. be sentenced to death

B. be controlled by the local government and waited for the final judge

C. be forced to go abroad

D. be arrested and returned to the prison to serve out

the full or maximum term Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage or dialog.

Crime is on the increase in America, and throughout the world. The number of burglars, auto thieves, robbers, purse snatchers, etc., is growing at an alarming rate. Now you, as a resident, working with neighbors can help reduce the crime rate.

How? By organizing and/or joining a neighborhood program in which you and your neighbors get together to learn how to protect yourselves, your family, your home and your property. Working together, you can get the criminals off your block and out of your area.

\"Citizens Safety Projects\" are set up to help you do this. It is a joint effort between private citizens and local police. Such programs have been started all over the country. Maybe one already exists in your community.

These organizations do not require frequent meetings (once a month or so). They do not ask anyone to take personal risks to prevent crime. They leave the

responsibility for catching criminals where it belongs—with the police.

These groups gather citizens together to learn crime

prevention from local authorities. You cooperate with your neighbors to report suspicious activities in the

neighborhood, to keep an eye on homes when the resident is away, and to keep everyone in the area mindful of the standard precautions for property and self that should always be taken.

It is easy to get your group started. All you have to do is contact your neighbors and arrange a date, place and time for the first meeting. Hold the meetings at your home or that of a neighbor. Try to plan a time that is convenient to most of your neighbors—preferably in the evening. Then call your local police department. They will be happy to give your group informal lectures and free literature. Remember, police officers cannot be everywhere. Your cooperation with them is for the benefit of you, your family, and your neighborhood.

16. \"Citizen Safety Projects\" are established for the

purpose of ________________. A. dealing with the unpleasant trifle B. holding a splendid performance

C. exchanging useful information among the neighbors D. learning how to protect the neighborhood

17. Which of the following statements is true about the

\"Citizen Safety Groups\"? A. All the members should attend the meetings frequently.

B. The members may be asked to take personal risk to prevent crime. C. It is a joint effort between big companies and local police.

D. It still leaves the responsibility for catching criminals to the police.

18. What is NOT the responsibility for \"Citizen Safety

Group\"?

the neighborhood.

A. The members should report suspicious activities in B. The members should keep everyone in the area C. The members should help every family in the area to D. The members should keep an eye on homes when

mindful of the standard precautions. set up alarming rings. the resident is away.

19. The local police department will ________________

to help you start the citizen safety groups.

20. What is the main idea of this passage?

to fight against burglars. the crime rate. crime.

A. People all over the country should hold a campaign B. Cooperating with your neighbors can help reduce C. The government should pass a law to control the D. The police department has to select special people A. give informal lectures and free literature

B. arrange the date, place and time for the meeting C. select some professional workers D. invite the local government

to help them.

Part 1 Multiple choices (每小题: 1 分; 满分：20 分) 小题 得分 对错 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 C B A C D C A 我的答案 C B A C D C A 客观

8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 B C D B A C A D D D C A B A C D B A C A D D D C A B