初一作文类型

【篇一：中考作文类型】

【篇二：初中常见作文类型

(3000字)】

命题作文⒈单字题

（1）命题方式探微：所谓“单字题”，就是指文题是一个字，比如，名词单字题“书”、“路”、“桥”，动词单字题“读”、“问”、“看”，形容词单字题“忙”“杂”“新”，等等。单字题的写作范围明确，降低了作文的审题难度，但也增加了考生审题时犯错误的机会，所以要慎重审题。

（2）审题思路点拨：写独字题作文，要注意这个词的本义、比喻义和引申义，写作时，要么写它的本来意义，要么写它的比喻意义，要么写它的引申意义，不要全面思考，只要抓住一点就行，这叫做

“攻其一点，不及其余”。比如“读”，可写它的本来意义“读书”，也可写它的比喻意义“读人生”、“读社会”、“读人”等，在“读”的后面加上了适当的宾语（或在其前后分别加上适当的词语），这样文章写起来就会具体而不空泛了。⒉双字题

（1）命题方式探微：所谓“双字题”，指文题是一个双字词。这类文题写作范围较大，题旨不够明朗，比如，“蜡烛”、“习惯”、“幸福”、“攀登”等。双字题虽然审题对象集中而明确，但由于提供的审题信息相对较少，因此也容易让考生产生偏读甚至是误读，所以对题目的准确审读便成为写好此类作文的关键。（2）审题思路点拨：双字题审题时可采用“补足因素法”。双字题往往条件少，题意隐蔽空泛，审题时，在不改变原题意的前提下，可以在自己的头脑中给原题补足一些新因素，使题旨显露出来。如写《变化》，有位同学就在“变化”的前面补足一个新因素“奶奶的”，这样题旨就明白多了，然后他就选取“奶奶的变化”这个角度，写奶奶从看不惯年轻人跳迪斯科到上街加入老年人秧歌队，反映了现代时尚给人们精神生活带来的变化，收到以小见大的效果。⒊短语题

（1）命题方式探微：短语题就是题目以短语形式出现，例如“　一件小事”、“激动人心的时刻”、“　用心看世界”、“　风雪路上”等。一般

说来，在单字题、双字题的前面或后面添加上适当的修饰或补充成分，就变成了短语题，比如，在单字题“看”的前面添加状语“用心”，在后面添加宾语“世界”，就变成了一个短语题“用心看世界”。短语题由于其有一定的修饰补充成分，所以它的题旨相对比较明朗。（2）审题思路点拨：遇到短语题，先要辨别其意思是否完整，审题时是否需要增补其它成分。除部分题目如“她有一颗纯真的心”之类外，相当数量的文题需要先增补必要的成分才能进行审题，这是因为，短语充当题目，外延一般较大，取材范围较广，要写具体的人，具体的事，具体的景，没有一定的限制则很难把文章写具体。如果是动宾式短语，要补上主语，如“看电影”，可补“我”、“我们”、“张叔叔”等。如果是表示领属关系的偏正式短语，需要补上谓语，如“邻居家的小男孩”，可补“不听话”、“很聪明”等。如果是修饰性的偏正式短语，多数情况下既要增补主语，又要增补谓语，如“幸福的家”可补成“她有一个幸福的家”。⒋句子题

（1）命题方式探微：句子题，即作文题目是一个句子。由于句子题本身包涵着相对完整的意思，只要细心梳理其结构，便可领会题目规定的大体要求。一般情况下，句子充当题目的现象多出现在记叙性文体中，说明性和议论性的文体中相对少些。

（2）审题思路点拨：结构较复杂的长句，由于其修饰补充成分较多，审题的难度就大些，例如，“我班最近来了一个女同学”，“同学”这个宾语点明记叙的对象，“女”字表明这个“同学”是女的，而不是男的。“一个”点明“同学”是一个，而不是两个或多个。“最近”　限定时间范围，说明这个“同学”不是过去来的，也不是将要来。“我班”二字，提供了空间范围，说明这个“同学”不是来到别的班。题目中的“了”字，不是可有可无，它表示这个“同学”已经来到我班，而不是尚未来到我班或将要来到我班，倘若把“了”字改换为“的”字，题目的语法结构都会发生变化。二、半命题作文

文题前有温馨的提示：“因为不坚持，天空中的云才展现万般风貌；因为不依恋，树木才有春天的新生??”半命题作文结构形式往往有以下几种：⒈命前

半题，如，给我一个_____。⒉命后半题，如，_____的瞬间。⒊命中间部分，如，_____真_____。⒋命首尾部分，如，当我面对_____的时候。

⒉审题思路点拨：写好半命题作文的关键是补全文题，补题要涉及立意、选材、构思、布局等各个方面，千万不可轻率从事，补题时应注意以下几点：⑴反复琢磨已命好的半个题目以及前后的提示和要求，然后选出自己最熟悉的、感悟最深的来补充题目。⑵选词补题要力避千“空”一“词”的雷同现象，应打破惯常的思维定势，全方位、多角度地发散思维。⑶选词切忌大而空，没有实实在在的“着落点”，比如，写“感悟”，如果选择“大自然”、“人生”这一类的词语，写起来很难写深写透，更不易写出自己的真情实感，只有从小处切入，才能写得具体，写得生动。三、材料作文

⒈命题方式探微：材料作文一般是指命题者给出一则文字或图画材料，要求考生根据要求作文。中考考查的角度多种多样，或改写材料，或续写材料，或扩写材料，或根据材料写读后感，或针对材料中的“现象”写短评，或根据材料自己命题作文（“命意作文”）。一般来说材料作文由材料和要求两部分组成，材料按形式分，有记叙性材料（故事、寓言等）、引语式材料和图画式材料。⒉审题思路点拨：这里重点谈谈“命意作文”的审题思路。由于材料作文的材料本身包含着深刻的道理，是作文观点的重要载体，并成为写作者的立意指向，所以材料是审题的第一出发点，读懂材料是写好作文的关键。那么怎样审材料呢？首先，必须全面把握材料，切不可断章取义，以偏概全。其次要找准突破口，材料的关键词句是审材料

的突破口，关键词句（开头句、结尾句、对话句、结语句）往往是“文眼”，它蕴含着材料的主旨，抓住这些关键句，就能把握材料主旨，正确立意。如果是图画材料，因为它没有点题句，也没有提示语，这就要看清楚这幅漫画夸张了什么、变形了什么、突出了什么，然后从中悟出图画的寓意，若是几幅图画，这就要根据图画内容前后的关系来把握其寓意了。在读懂材料的基础上，要尽量在立意上求准求新。求准，就是主题必须从材料中得来，不可脱离材料；求新，就是要努力突破惯常的思维定势，发人之所未发。四、话题作文

⒈命题方式探微：话题作文是一种用一段导引材料启发思考，激发想象，用话题限定写作范围的作文题型，兼具开放性和限制性的特点，一般不限文体。话题作文通常由四个部分组成：即材料语＋提示语＋话题＋要求。话题作文的主题不必从材料中提炼，而是从话

题引发出来的，材料的作用在于阐发话题，就材料本身而言，既可以运用到写作中，也可以不用。“提示语”在材料语和话题之间，对材料内容进行诠释或引发，以降低考生审题上的难度。话题作文有三个鲜明的特点：一是内容的宽泛性，二是文体的多样性，三是写法的灵活性。

有所思、有所悟。”这就告诉我们，要在文中表达“所感、所思、所悟”，而不能只是记一件事或叙一次经历了事。四审“要求”，在引出话题之后，都有一个写作“要求”，对写作作一些限制，这些内容我们自然不能忽视。

【篇三：中考作文类型】

中考作文模板一、通知

本类描写主题常用语言集锦

（1）口头通知开头常用下列用语，以便引起听话人的注意。如：may i have your attention, please? 请注意啦！ please be quiet, everyone. 请大家安静！ be quiet, please! 请注意！ attention, please, everyone. 请大家注意！ listen, please. 请大家听着！

attention, please, ladies and gentlemen. 女士们，先生们，请注意！

（2）在开始发布通知前常用以下开场白: there is something important i have to tell you. 有个重要的消息要告诉大家。i have something important to tell you.我有重要事情需要告诉你们。there is going to be a...将会有一个??（3）在通知结束时，常用以下结束词： everybody is required to attend it on time。每个人都必须按时参加。that’s all. thank you. 结束了。谢谢大家。 so much for it. thank you. 就是这些。谢谢大家。 any questions? 还有什么问题吗？ does everyone understand? 大家明白了吗？（一）植树 boys and girls,

attention, please! march 12 is our tree-planting day. we have decided to go and plant trees that day. all the students in our

school are asked to take part in the activity. each class must take five or six basins with you to water young trees. we are going to gather at the school gate at 7∶30 on the morning of march 12. and then,our school bus will take us to the west hill. please don’t be late.that’s all. thank you.

（二）a music week 音乐周 dear students,

the students’union has decided to organize a music week. it will be held in the first week of may. the activities include

singing pop songs and playing classical and folk music. bring your own musical instruments, please. a music contest will be included, too. the students taking part in the contest will listen to part of a song or a piece of music, and then guess where it comes from.if you’d like to take part in the music week, please come and sing up for it before april 20th.the place for the activities will be announced later.二、书信

本类描写主题常用语言集锦在信的开头常用以下客套话： (1)how are you?

(2)how are you getting on recently? (3)how are you getting on/along with...当给别人回复时，可以用：

(1) many thanks for your last kind letter.

(2) i’m very glad to have received your letter dated oct.1. (3) i was so happy to see your handwriting.

(4) i’m sorry that i have delayed answering your kind letter of recent date.

(5) thank you for your interesting letter.

(6) i am sorry that i did not write to you, but i have been very busy these days.

在信的结束常用以下客套话： (1) best wishes regards to you!

(2) good luck! please give my best wishes to...

(3) looking forward to hearing from you!(4) please give my regards to your family.

(5) wish you good health and happiness.（一）changes of my school 我学校的变化

dear mr. white,

i was so pleased to hear from you and i am writing to tell you something about my school.

you are right. quite a few changes have taken place. on one side of the road there is a new classroom building. on the other side, where the playground used to be now stands another new building—our library. in it there are all kinds of books, newspapers and magazines. the playground is now in the front of the school.

we have also planted a lot of trees in and around the school, i hope you come and see by yourself some day. best wishes！ yours, huang nan

（二） a thankful letter 感谢信 dear mr. green,

thank you very much for your lovely christmas presents for us. as christmas is coming, the members of the english group are going to hold an english evening in the hall of our school on december 21 to celebrate it. the actors are all required to

speak english.all the teachers and students of our school will attend it. we would be very happy if you could come and join us.

please give me a call if you come. looking forward to seeing you.yours, su hong

三、人物故事

本类主题常用语言集锦

she is a very kind and gentle woman.她是一位善良而温和的人。

she is an ordinary but great woman.她是一位平凡而伟大的人。

she is excited with joy at my success．她为我的成功而欣喜。

she is loved and respected by us.[来源:学|科|网]她得到我们大家的爱戴和尊敬。 she is strict in work. 她工作严谨。 she is strict with her students. 她对学生要求严格。 you are a very nice girl. 你是一个好女孩。

you must be more careful next time. 下次你一定要小心。 how forgetful you are today！今天你真健忘！

he is very busy all the year around.他一年忙到头。

he wasn’t feeling well. 他感到不舒服。

he had a headache.他头痛。one of my dreams is to be a good farmer.

我的一个梦想就是当一名优秀的农民。 i hope the dream will come true. 我希望梦想能实现。 it is the last lesson before the holidays.这是放假前的最后一堂课。

an old grandma was walking up and down in the street.一位老奶奶正在街上徘徊。

she was struggling in the water. 她在水里挣扎。 he found a wallet near the bus station.他在车站附近发现一个钱包。

（一）i don’t study for marks 我不是为了分数学习one day liu hong’s class had an exam in english. the teacher marked the students’papers and then gave them back to the students. liu hong looked at his paper. he got 84 marks. class was over. the students all went out and played on the

playground, but liu hong still sat there. he did the exercises again. then he gave his paper to the teacher. this time he got the exercises right. one of his classmates said to him, the use of doing the exercises again? you won’t get more marks for that.”

with a smile, liu hong answered, “i don’t look at the thing in this way. i don’t study for marks.”（二）miss yang，my english teacher 杨老师，我的英语老师 miss yang, my english teacher, i love her best. her name is yang hua. i think she is the best, kindest and most beautiful teacher in the world. in class, miss yang is strict with us. she has so many ways to make our class lively and interesting. when any of us has trouble in our study, she always helps us. after class, she often spends her spare time with us. miss yang is hard working. she is strict in her work. so she is loved and respected by all of us.

what’s“四、生活记闻

本类描写主题常用语言集锦

i wash dishes and clean the floor 我洗碗扫地。

in the afternoon i go fishing in the river with my classmates. 午,我和同学们到河边去钓鱼。

i don’t feel very well this morning. 今天早晨我感到不舒服。seem to have trouble with my ears. 我耳朵好像有毛病。 do you feel any pain when i press here? 我按这里你感到疼吗?she makes you laugh and you love her very much.她让你发笑,你非常喜爱她。

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