【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容：
暑假专题：聚焦现在完成时
［学习过程］ 一、构成
1. 肯定式：have (has)＋动词的过去分词。例如： They have bought a computer. 他们买了一台电脑。
The Wangs have been to England once. 王先生一家去过英国一次。
【提示】have 和 has 是助动词, 无具体含义。两者的缩略形式分别为’ve 和’s。当主语是第三人称单数时用has；其他人称用have。 2. 否定式：have (has)＋not＋动词的过去分词。 例如：
We haven’t finished reading the book. 我们还没有读完这本书。 Lucy hasn’t found her dictionary so far. 露西目前还没有找到她的词典。
3. 一般疑问式：Have / Has＋主语＋过去分词＋…? 例如：
—Have you seen her lost dictionary? 你看见她丢失的词典了吗?
—Yes, I have. 是的，我看见了。
二、用法
1. 表示“完成”
现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。谓语可以是延续性动词或非延续性动词。例如： I have just washed my face. 我刚刚洗了脸。（“洗脸”的动作发生在过去，对现在造成的结果是：脸是干净的。） She has seen the film. 她看过这部电影。（“看电影”的动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是：了解电影的内容。） 2. 表示“未完成”
表示过去已经开始，一直持续到现在或将来的动作或状态。谓语必须是延续性动词。例如：
She’s studied English for about two years. 她学英语大约有两年了。（现在已学了两年，有可能仍在继续学。）
We have lived here since we were born. 自从出生以来，我们一直住在这里。（现在住在这里，可能会继续住下去。）
三、标志词
与现在完成时连用的常见副词：already, just, yet, ever, never等。already, just多用于肯定句中；yet, ever, never多用于疑问句和否定句中。例如：
I have already finished my homework. 我已经完成了作业。 He has just had his meal. 他刚吃过饭。
Have you ever heard this song？你曾听过这首歌吗？
【模拟试题】（答题时间：30分钟） I. 用所给动词的正确形式填空
1. ---I ________ (see) the film “Chicken Run”.
--- Where and when ________ you _______ (see) it? --- Last week.
2. More than 15 years __________ (pass) since I______(become) a teacher.
3. Mary _____ already _______ (have)her supper.
4. I _______ (not want) to see the film. I _______ (see) it with my parents. We _____ (see) it last Sunday.
5. ---______ Uncle Wang ______ (mend)the TV yet? ---Yes, he______.
---When _____ he _____ it? --- Yesterday.
6. ______ you _______ (read) today’s newspaper yet?
7. They _____already_____(do) their homework. But they don’t know what_____ (do)next.
8. ---____ you _____ (see)the film last night? ---No, I _____ (see) it for several times. 9. She ______ (be) ill for three days.
10. My father bought a book for me. He____ already ____(pay) fifty yuan for it.
11. She _____just _____(wash) the coat, hasn’t she? 12. She______ (not read) this book before.
13. ____ you ever _____ (travel) on a train before? 14. ---____ Wei Hua _____ (come) yet?
---Yes. She_______ (come) already. She ______ (come) just now.
15. ---How long _____you ______(learn) English? --- For more than two years.
16. It ____ (be) two months since he______(leave) his hometown.
17. They ______ (live) in China since they _____ (move) to China.
II. 按要求改写句子
1. He has lived here for 8 years. （划线提问） _____ _____ _____ he_______ here?
2. They have already finished the work. （否定句） They ______ ______ the work ______.
3. My father got there two days ago. （同义句） My father _____ _____ ______ for two days.
4. Lucy’s never been there before, _____ ______?（反意疑问） 5. Mr Li began to teach English in this school in 1999. （同义句）
Mr Li ______ _______ English in this school since 1999. 6. The factory opened ten years ago. （同义句） The factory _______ _____ ______ for ten years. 7. They have cleaned the room twice this week.
_____ _____ ____ ______ they ______ the classroom this week? 8. We haven’t found the right person. I think. （合成一句） I ____ ____ we ______ ______ the right person.
9. My father went to England in 2003 and 2005. （同义句） My father _____ ______ _____ England _____. 10. John left Beijing three years ago. （同义句）
Three years _____ _____ _____ John _____ Beijing. John_____ ______ ______ Beijing_____ three years. 11. His company opened in 2003. （同义句） His company _____ _____ _____ since 2003.
12. My father bought the car half a year ago. （同义句） My father ______ ______ the car ____ half a year.
13. We got to know each other for about 15 years. （同义句） We _____ _____ each other _____ about 15 years. 14. The film began ten minutes ago. （同义句） The film _____ _____ _____ for ten minutes.
15. I borrowed this book two weeks ago. （同义句）
I _____ _____ this book for two weeks.
III. 选择题
1. --How long may I ______ your bike?
--A week. But you mustn’t ______ it to others. A. borrow, lend B. keep, lend C. lend, borrow D. keep, borrow
2. David _______ Shanghai for more than three months. A. came to B. has been to C. has been in D. has come to
3. --- Is your father a Party member?
---Yes, he ______ the party three years ago. He _____ a Party member for three years. A. joined; has been B. has joined; has been C. was joined; is D. joined; was 4. ---What a nice bike! How lone ____ you ____ it? ---- Just five weeks.
A. will; buy B. did; buy C. are; having D. have; had 5. I ______ this book for a week . I have to return it now. A. borrowed B. have borrowed C. kept D. have kept
6. --______ your sister _______ in Green China for a long time? ---- Yes. She joined it five years ago. A. Has; been B. Have; been C. Has; joined D. Have; joined
7. ---How long have you _______ from the USA? ----For three months. A. come back B. returned C. go back D. been back
8. I _____ this book for half a year. A. have bought B. have had C. bought D. had 9. The students are sorry to hear that famous singer _______ for a year.
A. has left B. has gone C. has been away D. has gone away
10. --- ______ you______ your homework yet? ---Yes, I _____ it just now. A. Did; do; finished B. Have; done; finished C. Have; done; have finished D. Will; do; finish 11. Jim has been there twice and ______. A. so does Lucy B. so Lucy does C. so has Lucy D. so Lucy has
12. The sand storm weather ______ in Beijing several times this year.
A. happen B. happened C. has happened D. have happened
13. He has____ been to Hainan, has he? A. already B. never C. ever D. still
14. ---How long have you been here? --- ____ last month. A. For B. Until C. Before D. Since 15. He ____ a cold for three days. A. has caught B. has had C. has got D. caught 16. Jim Green ____ in China for two years.
A. has come B. has been C. has arrived D. came 17. The film ____ for half an hour. A. has been on B. has begun C. hasn’t begun D. began
【试题答案】
I. 1. have seen; did; see 2. has passed; became 3. has; had
4. don’t want; have seen; saw 5. Has; mended; has; did; mend
6. Have; read 7. have; done; to do 8. Did; see; have seen
9. has been 10. has; paid 11. has; washed
12. hasn’t read 13. Have traveled 14. Has; come; has come; came
15. have; learned 16. has been; left 17. have lived; moved
II. 1. How long has; lived 2. haven’t finished; yet 3. has been there
4. has she 5. has taught 6. has been opened
7. How many times have; cleaned 8. don’t think; have found
9. has been to; twice 10. has passed since; left /has been in; for
11. has been opened 12. has had; for 13. have known; for
14. has been on 15. have kept
III. 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. D 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. B 11. C 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. B 16. B 17. A
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